C程序设计语言练习题.第一章

1-12
Q：编写一个程序，以每行一个单词的形式打印输出。

#include <stdio.h>
#define IN 1
#define OUT 0
int main()
{
    int c;
    int state = OUT;
    while((c = getchar()) != EOF)
    {
        if(c == ' '||c == '\n'||c == '\t')//当前字符是分隔符
        {
            if(state == IN)//上一个字符状态在单词里，则当前字符是单词末尾
            {
                putchar('\n');
                state = OUT;
            }
        }
        else//当前字符不是分隔符
        {
            if(state == OUT)//上一个字符状态是分隔符，则当前字符是单词首字母
            {
                state = IN;
                putchar(c);
            }
            else
                putchar(c);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

1-13
Q：编写一个程序，打印输入中单词长度的直方图。分别画出水平和垂直直方图。

#include <stdio.h>
#define IN 1
#define OUT 0
#define MAXWORD 11/*max length of a word*/
#define MAXHIST 15/*max length of histgram*/
int main()
{
    int c;
    int nc = 0;
    int state = OUT;
    int wl[MAXWORD];
    int len;
    int maxvalue;
    int overflow = 0;
    for(int i = 0;i < MAXWORD;i++)
        wl[i] = 0;
    while((c = getchar()) != EOF)
    {
        if(c == ' '||c == '\t'||c == '\n')
        {
            state = OUT;
            if(nc > 0)
                if(nc < MAXWORD)
                    wl[nc]++;
                else
                    overflow++;
            nc = 0;
        }
        else if(state = OUT)
        {
            nc = 1;
            state = IN;
        }else
            nc++;
    }

    maxvalue = 0;
    for(int i = 1;i < MAXWORD;i++)
        if(wl[i] > maxvalue)
            maxvalue = wl[i];
    for(int i = 1;i < MAXWORD;i++)
    {
        printf("%5d - %d:",i,wl[i]);
        if(wl[i] > 0)
        {
            len = wl[i] * MAXHIST / maxvalue;
            if(len <= 0)
                len = 1;
        }else
            len = 0;
        while(len > 0)
        {
            putchar('*');
            len--;
        }
        putchar('\n');
    }
    printf("There are %d words >= %d\n",overflow,MAXWORD);
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#define IN 1
#define OUT 0
#define MAXWORD 11/*max length of a word*/
#define MAXHIST 15/*max length of histgram*/
int main()
{
    int c;
    int nc = 0;
    int state = OUT;
    int wl[MAXWORD];
    int len;
    int maxvalue;
    int overflow = 0;
    for(int i = 0;i < MAXWORD;i++)
        wl[i] = 0;
    while((c = getchar()) != EOF)
    {
        if(c == ' '||c == '\t'||c == '\n')
        {
            state = OUT;
            if(nc > 0)
                if(nc < MAXWORD)
                    wl[nc]++;
                else
                    overflow++;
            nc = 0;
        }
        else if(state = OUT)
        {
            nc = 1;
            state = IN;
        }else
            nc++;
    }

    maxvalue = 0;
    for(int i = 1;i < MAXWORD;i++)
        if(wl[i] > maxvalue)
            maxvalue = wl[i];

    for(int i = MAXHIST;i > 0;i--)
    {
        for(int j = 1;j < MAXWORD;j++)
        {
            if(wl[j] * MAXHIST / maxvalue >= i)
                putchar('*');
            else
                putchar(' ');
        }
        putchar('\n');
    }
    for(int i = 1;i < MAXWORD;i++)
        printf("%4d",i);
    putchar('\n');
    for(int i = 1;i < MAXWORD;i++)
        printf("%4d",wl[i]);
    putchar('\n');
    printf("There are %d words >= %d\n",overflow,MAXWORD);
    return 0;
}

1-14
Q：编写一个程序，打印输入中各个字符出现频度的直方图。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#define IN 1
#define OUT 0
#define MAXCHAR 128/*max different characters*/
#define MAXHIST 15/*max length of histgram*/
int main()
{
    int c;
    int nc[MAXCHAR];
    int maxvalue;
    int len = 0;

    for(int i = 0;i < MAXCHAR;i++)
        nc[i] = 0;
    while((c = getchar()) != EOF)
    {
        if(c < MAXCHAR)
            nc[c]++;
    }
    maxvalue = 0;
    for(int i = 1;i < MAXCHAR;i++)
        if(nc[i] > maxvalue)
            maxvalue = nc[i];

    for(int i = 1;i < MAXCHAR;i++)
    {
        if(isprint(i))
            printf("%5d-%c-%5d:",i,i,nc[i]);
        else
            printf("%5d-  -%5d:",i,nc[i]);
        if(nc[i] > 0)
        {
            len = nc[i] * MAXHIST / maxvalue;
            if(len <= 0)
                len = 1;
        }else
            len = 0;
        while(len > 0)
        {
            putchar('*');
            len--;
        }
        putchar('\n');
    }
    return 0;
}