mysql经典50题陆续更新（附思路）

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最新推荐文章于 2023-06-14 14:20:15 发布

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分类专栏： mysql基础文章标签： mysql

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin520520/article/details/106677060

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这是一系列关于MySQL查询的题目，涵盖了多种查询场景，如对比不同课程成绩、筛选特定分数段学生、统计学生选课情况等。通过这些题目，可以深入理解SQL的查询技巧和数据库操作。

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表名和字段
–1.学生表
Student(s_id,s_name,s_birth,s_sex) --学生编号,学生姓名, 出生年月,学生性别
–2.课程表
Course(c_id,c_name,t_id) – --课程编号, 课程名称, 教师编号
–3.教师表
Teacher(t_id,t_name) --教师编号,教师姓名
–4.成绩表
Score(s_id,c_id,s_score) --学生编号,课程编号,分数

此处为由测试数据做成的备份，也可自行创建
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1CaH0ageOup9nZwvdgbyP1w
提取码：na97
复制这段内容后打开百度网盘手机App，操作更方便哦

测试数据
–建表
–学生表
CREATE TABLE Student(
s_id VARCHAR(20),
s_name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘’,
s_birth VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘’,
s_sex VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘’,
PRIMARY KEY(s_id)
);
–课程表
CREATE TABLE Course(
c_id VARCHAR(20),
c_name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘’,
t_id VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(c_id)
);
–教师表
CREATE TABLE Teacher(
t_id VARCHAR(20),
t_name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT ‘’,
PRIMARY KEY(t_id)
);
–成绩表
CREATE TABLE Score(
s_id VARCHAR(20),
c_id VARCHAR(20),
s_score INT(3),
PRIMARY KEY(s_id,c_id)
);
–插入学生表测试数据
insert into Student values(‘01’ , ‘赵雷’ , ‘1990-01-01’ , ‘男’);
insert into Student values(‘02’ , ‘钱电’ , ‘1990-12-21’ , ‘男’);
insert into Student values(‘03’ , ‘孙风’ , ‘1990-05-20’ , ‘男’);
insert into Student values(‘04’ , ‘李云’ , ‘1990-08-06’ , ‘男’);
insert into Student values(‘05’ , ‘周梅’ , ‘1991-12-01’ , ‘女’);
insert into Student values(‘06’ , ‘吴兰’ , ‘1992-03-01’ , ‘女’);
insert into Student values(‘07’ , ‘郑竹’ , ‘1989-07-01’ , ‘女’);
insert into Student values(‘08’ , ‘王菊’ , ‘1990-01-20’ , ‘女’);
–课程表测试数据
insert into Course values(‘01’ , ‘语文’ , ‘02’);
insert into Course values(‘02’ , ‘数学’ , ‘01’);
insert into Course values(‘03’ , ‘英语’ , ‘03’);

–教师表测试数据
insert into Teacher values(‘01’ , ‘张三’);
insert into Teacher values(‘02’ , ‘李四’);
insert into Teacher values(‘03’ , ‘王五’);

–成绩表测试数据
insert into Score values(‘01’ , ‘01’ , 80);
insert into Score values(‘01’ , ‘02’ , 90);
insert into Score values(‘01’ , ‘03’ , 99);
insert into Score values(‘02’ , ‘01’ , 70);
insert into Score values(‘02’ , ‘02’ , 60);
insert into Score values(‘02’ , ‘03’ , 80);
insert into Score values(‘03’ , ‘01’ , 80);
insert into Score values(‘03’ , ‘02’ , 80);
insert into Score values(‘03’ , ‘03’ , 80);
insert into Score values(‘04’ , ‘01’ , 50);
insert into Score values(‘04’ , ‘02’ , 30);
insert into Score values(‘04’ , ‘03’ , 20);
insert into Score values(‘05’ , ‘01’ , 76);
insert into Score values(‘05’ , ‘02’ , 87);
insert into Score values(‘06’ , ‘01’ , 31);
insert into Score values(‘06’ , ‘03’ , 34);
insert into Score values(‘07’ , ‘02’ , 89);
insert into Score values(‘07’ , ‘03’ , 98);

Student

±-----±-------±-----------±------+
| s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex |
±-----±-------±-----------±------+
| 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 | 男 |
| 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 | 男 |
| 03 | 孙风 | 1990-05-20 | 男 |
| 04 | 李云 | 1990-08-06 | 男 |
| 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 | 女 |
| 06 | 吴兰 | 1992-03-01 | 女 |
| 07 | 郑竹 | 1989-07-01 | 女 |
| 08 | 王菊 | 1990-01-20 | 女 |
±-----±-------±-----------±------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Course

±-----±-------±-----+
| c_id | c_name | t_id |
±-----±-------±-----+
| 01 | 语文 | 02 |
| 02 | 数学 | 01 |
| 03 | 英语 | 03 |
±-----±-------±-----+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Teacher

±-----±-------+
| t_id | t_name |
±-----±-------+
| 01 | 张三 |
| 02 | 李四 |
| 03 | 王五 |
±-----±-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Score

±-----±-----±--------+
| s_id | c_id | s_score |
±-----±-----±--------+
| 01 | 01 | 80 |
| 01 | 02 | 90 |
| 01 | 03 | 99 |
| 02 | 01 | 70 |
| 02 | 02 | 60 |
| 02 | 03 | 80 |
| 03 | 01 | 80 |
| 03 | 02 | 80 |
| 03 | 03 | 80 |
| 04 | 01 | 50 |
| 04 | 02 | 30 |
| 04 | 03 | 20 |
| 05 | 01 | 76 |
| 05 | 02 | 87 |
| 06 | 01 | 31 |
| 06 | 03 | 34 |
| 07 | 02 | 89 |
| 07 | 03 | 98 |
±-----±-----±--------+
18 rows in set (0.00 sec)

1. 查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数

思路：学生的信息及课程分数，有相同的学生id可以连接，找出"01"课程比"02"课程的学生的表进行判断即可。

 select stu.*,sco1.s_score from Student stu join Score sco1 on stu.s_id=sco1.s_id and sco1.c_id="01" join Score sco2 on stu.s_id=sco2.s_id and sco2.c_id="02" where sco1.s_score>sco2.s_score;

±-----±-------±-----------±------±--------+
| s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | s_score |
±-----±-------±-----------±------±--------+
| 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 | 男 | 70 |
| 04 | 李云 | 1990-08-06 | 男 | 50 |
±-----±-------±-----------±------±--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2. 查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩低的学生的信息及课程分数

思路：学生的信息及课程分数，有相同的学生id可以连接，找出"01"课程比"02"课程的学生的表进行判断即可。

 select stu.*,sco1.s_score from Student stu join Score sco1 on stu.s_id=sco1.s_id and sco1.c_id="01" join Score sco2 on stu.s_id=sco2.s_id and sco2.c_id="02" where sco1.s_score<sco2.s_score;

±-----±-------±-----------±------±--------+
| s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex | s_score |
±-----±-------±-----------±------±--------+
| 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 | 男 | 80 |
| 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 | 女 | 76 |
±-----±-------±-----------±------±--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3. 查询平均成绩大于等于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

思路：首先是Student表与Score表连接查询，因为用到聚合函数，所以分组筛选结果

select stu.s_id,stu.s_name,avg(sco.s_score) as avg_score from Student stu join Score sco on stu.s_id=sco.s_id group by stu.s_id,stu.s_name having avg_score>=60;

±-----±-------±----------+
| s_id | s_name | avg_score |
±-----±-------±----------+
| 01 | 赵雷 | 89.6667 |
| 02 | 钱电 | 70.0000 |
| 03 | 孙风 | 80.0000 |
| 05 | 周梅 | 81.5000 |
| 07 | 郑竹 | 93.5000 |
±-----±-------±----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

4、查询平均成绩小于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩-- (包括有成绩的和无成绩的)

思路：首先是Student表与Score表连接查询，因为用到聚合函数，所以分组筛选结果，因为要有成绩和无成绩的，所以Student和Score采用左外连接后需要用union连接两个有成绩和无成绩表。

select stu.s_id,stu.s_name,round(avg(sco.s_score),2) as avg_score from Student stu left join Score sco on stu.s_id=sco.s_id group by stu.s_id,stu.s_name having avg_score<60 union  select stu2.s_id,stu2.s_name,0 as avg_score from Student stu2 where stu2.s_id not in (select distinct s_id from Score);

±-----±-------±----------+
| s_id | s_name | avg_score |
±-----±-------±----------+
| 04 | 李云 | 33.33 |
| 06 | 吴兰 | 32.50 |
| 08 | 王菊 | 0.00 |
±-----±-------±----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

5、查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩

思路：首先是Student表与Score表连接查询，因为用到聚合函数，所以分组筛选结果。

 select stu.s_id,stu.s_name,count(sco.c_id) as count_course ,sum(sco.s_score) as sum_score from Student stu join Score sco on stu.s_id=sco.s_id group by stu.s_id,stu.s_name;

±-----±-------±-------------±----------+
| s_id | s_name | count_course | sum_score |
±-----±-------±-------------±----------+
| 01 | 赵雷 | 3 | 269 |
| 02 | 钱电 | 3 | 210 |
| 03 | 孙风 | 3 | 240 |
| 04 | 李云 | 3 | 100 |
| 05 | 周梅 | 2 | 163 |
| 06 | 吴兰 | 2 | 65 |
| 07 | 郑竹 | 2 | 187 |
±-----±-------±-------------±----------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)

6、查询"李"姓老师的数量

思路：模糊查询like “李%”

select count(t_id) as count_li from Teacher where t_name like "李%";

±---------+
| count_li |
±---------+
| 1 |
±---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

7、查询学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息

-思路:逆向思考t_id=“张三”的表可以找到c_id，c_id有多个用in

select stu.* from Student stu join Score sco on stu.s_id=sco.s_id where sco.c_id in(
select c_id from Course where t_id =(
select t_id from Teacher where t_name = '张三'));

select stu.* from Student stu join Score sco on stu.s_id=sco.s_id where sco.c_id in( select c_id from Course cou join Teacher tea on cou.t_id=tea.t_id where tea.t_name = '张三');

±-----±-------±-----------±------+
| s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex |
±-----±-------±-----------±------+
| 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 | 男 |
| 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 | 男 |
| 03 | 孙风 | 1990-05-20 | 男 |
| 04 | 李云 | 1990-08-06 | 男 |
| 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 | 女 |
| 07 | 郑竹 | 1989-07-01 | 女 |
±-----±-------±-----------±------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

8、查询没学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息

思路：同题7,就是以题7的结果再取反

select * from Student stu where stu.s_id not in(
select stu2.s_id from Student stu2 join Score sco on stu2.s_id=sco.s_id where sco.c_id in(
select cou.c_id from Course cou join Teacher tea on cou.t_id = tea.t_id where tea.t_name ='张三'));

±-----±-------±-----------±------+
| s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex |
±-----±-------±-----------±------+
| 06 | 吴兰 | 1992-03-01 | 女 |
| 08 | 王菊 | 1990-01-20 | 女 |
±-----±-------±-----------±------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

9、查询学过编号为"01"并且也学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息

思路：连接Student表和Score表后加判断即可。

 select stu.* from Student stu join Score sco1 on stu.s_id=sco1.s_id and sco1.c_id="01" join Score sco2 on stu.s_id=sco2.s_id and sco2.c_id="02";

select stu.* from Student stu,Score sco1,Score sco2
where stu.s_id = sco1.s_id  and stu.s_id = sco2.s_id and sco1.c_id='01' and sco2.c_id='02';

select stu.* from Student stu where stu.s_id in (select s_id from Score where c_id='01' ) and stu.s_id  in(select s_id from Score where c_id='02');

±-----±-------±-----------±------+
| s_id | s_name | s_birth | s_sex |
±-----±-------±-----------±------+
| 01 | 赵雷 | 1990-01-01 | 男 |
| 02 | 钱电 | 1990-12-21 | 男 |
| 03 | 孙风 | 1990-05-20 | 男 |
| 04 | 李云 | 1990-08-06 | 男 |
| 05 | 周梅 | 1991-12-01 | 女 |
±-----±-------±-----------±------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

10、查询学过编号为"01"但是没有学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息

思路：学过“01”和学过“02”两表and结合

select stu.* from Student stu where stu.s_id in (select s_id from Score where c_id='01' ) and stu.s_id not in(select s_id from Score where c_id=

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mysql经典50题陆续更新（附思路）

表名和字段–1.学生表Student(s_id,s_name,s_birth,s_sex) --学生编号,学生姓名, 出生年月,学生性别–2.课程表Course(c_id,c_name,t_id) – --课程编号, 课程名称, 教师编号–3.教师表Teacher(t_id,t_name) --教师编号,教师姓名–4.成绩表Score(s_id,c_id,s_score) --学生编号,课程编号,分数测试数据–建表–学生表CREATE TABLE Student(s_id VARC
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