java read write lock_ReadWriteLock如何使用？

ReadWriteLock，读写锁。

ReentrantReadWriteLock 是 ReadWriteLock 的一种实现。

特点：

包含一个 ReadLock 和 一个 WriteLock 对象

读锁与读锁不互斥；读锁与写锁，写锁与写锁互斥

适合对共享资源有读和写操作，写操作很少，读操作频繁的场景

可以从写锁降级到读锁。获取写锁->获取读锁->释放写锁

无法从读锁升级到写锁

读写锁支持中断

写锁支持Condition；读锁不支持Condition

示例1--根据 key 获取 value 值

private ReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();//定义读写锁

//根据 key 获取 value 值

public Object getValue(String key){

//使用读写锁的基本结构

lock.readLock().lock();//加读锁

Object value = null;

try{

value = cache.get(key);

if(value == null){

lock.readLock().unlock();//value值为空，释放读锁

lock.writeLock().lock();//加写锁，写入value值

try{

//重新检查 value值是否已经被其他线程写入

if(value == null){

value = "value";//写入数据

}

}finally{

lock.writeLock().unlock();

}

lock.readLock().lock();

}

}finally{

lock.readLock().unlock();

}

return value;

}

示例2--多线程环境下的读写锁使用

package constxiong.interview;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

import java.util.Random;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;

/**

* 测试可重入 读写锁

* @author ConstXiong

* @date 2019-06-10 11:19:42

*/

public class TestReentrantReadWriteLock {

private Map map = new HashMap();

private ReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();

/**

* 根据 key 获取 value

* @param key

* @return

*/

public Object get(String key) {

Object value = null;

lock.readLock().lock();

try {

Thread.sleep(50L);

value = map.get(key);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

lock.readLock().unlock();

}

return value;

}

/**

* 设置key-value

* @param key

* @return

*/

public void set(String key, Object value) {

lock.writeLock().lock();

try {

Thread.sleep(50L);

map.put(key, value);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

lock.writeLock().unlock();

}

}

//测试5个线程读数据，5个线程写数据

public static void main(String[] args) {

final TestReentrantReadWriteLock test = new TestReentrantReadWriteLock();

final String key = "lock";

final Random r = new Random();

for (int i = 0; i <5; i++) {

new Thread(){

@Override

public void run() {

for (int j = 0; j <10; j++) {

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " read value=" + test.get(key));

}

}

}.start();

new Thread(){

@Override

public void run() {

for (int j = 0; j <10; j++) {

int value = r.nextInt(1000);

test.set(key, value);

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " write value=" + value);

}

}

}.start();

}

}

}