路由器和调制解调器的区别_调制解调器路由器和接入点有什么区别

路由器和调制解调器的区别

Do you know the difference between, say, a switch and a hub? Keeping straight the devices that help you access the internet is no small feat. This guide explains it all.

您知道交换机和集线器之间的区别吗？ 保持帮助您访问互联网的设备整洁并非易事。 本指南对此进行了说明。

By Whitson Gordon

通过 惠特森戈登

Connecting to the internet seems simple. You hop on your Wi-Fi, load up Facebook, and boom: you’re connected! But when something goes wrong-or it’s time to upgrade your equipment to something faster-you’ll need to understand what all those little black boxes actually do. Here’s a quick rundown of the basic networking gear that keeps your home connected.

连接到互联网似乎很简单。 您跳上Wi-Fi，加载Facebook并繁荣发展：您已连接！ 但是，当出现问题时–或者是时候将设备升级到更快的速度–您需要了解所有这些小黑匣子的实际作用。 这是使您的家庭保持连接状态的基本网络设备的简要概述。

调制解调器将您连接到Internet (A Modem Connects You to the Internet)

A modem is your gateway to the internet — a cable, fiber optic, or telephone line comes through your neighborhood, to your house, and connects to your modem. The modem translates the digital 1s and 0s from your computer into analog information for the cable or telephone wire to carry out to the world, and translates incoming analog signals in the same way. This is called modulation and demodulation, respectively, and it’s where the “mo-dem” gets its name.

调制解调器是您访问Internet的网关-电缆，光纤或电话线穿过您的邻居，到达您的房屋并连接到调制解调器。 调制解调器将计算机中的数字1和0转换为模拟信息，以便电缆或电话线传输到全世界，并以相同的方式转换输入的模拟信号。 这分别称为调制和解调 ，这就是“ mo-dem”的名称。

Typically, your internet service provider (ISP) will provide you with a modem for a small monthly fee. Depending on which ISP you use, however, you may be able to buy your own modem and save some money.

通常，您的互联网服务提供商(ISP)将为您提供调制解调器，而只需少量的月租费用。 但是，取决于您使用的ISP，您也许可以购买自己的调制解调器并节省一些钱。

路由器将您的设备连接至调制解调器(以及彼此之间) (A Router Connects Your Devices to the Modem (and Each Other))

If you had only one computer in your house, you could plug it straight into the modem with an Ethernet cable and call it a day — you’d be connected to the internet and watching cat videos instantly.

如果您家中只有一台计算机，则可以使用以太网电缆将其直接插入调制解调器，然后每天进行呼叫-您将连接到Internet并立即观看Cat视频。

But most people have more than one computer in their house, not to mention smartphones, tablets, e-readers, and a host of other devices. Standalone modems aren’t able to send data to multiple devices simultaneously: they usually only have one Ethernet port, and only produce one IP address, which identifies your location to the internet (kind of like your street address does in the real world).

但是大多数人家里只有一台电脑，更不用说智能手机， 平板电脑 ，电子阅读器以及其他设备了。 独立调制解调器无法同时将数据发送到多个设备：它们通常只有一个以太网端口，并且只能产生一个IP地址 ，该地址可以标识您到Internet的位置(就像您的街道地址在现实世界中一样)。

A router connects all your home’s devices to each other — through Ethernet cables or Wi-Fi — and then connects to the modem. It gives each device its own internal IP address, which it uses to route traffic between them. If your modem’s IP address is like the street address of a building, your router’s internal IP addresses are like apartment numbers. Your modem receives information from the internet, sends it to the router, and the router sends it to the computer that asked for it. (That way, your phone doesn’t receive the cat videos you asked for on your laptop.)

路由器通过以太网电缆或Wi-Fi将家庭的所有设备相互连接，然后连接至调制解调器。 它为每个设备提供自己的内部IP地址，该IP地址用于在它们之间路由流量。 如果调制解调器的IP地址就像建筑物的街道地址，那么路由器的内部IP地址就像公寓号码。 您的调制解调器从Internet接收信息，将其发送到路由器，然后路由器将其发送到要求它的计算机。 (这样一来，您的手机就不会收到您在笔记本电脑上要求的猫视频。)

The network created by your router is known as a local area network, or LAN, and it connects you to a larger wide area network, or WAN. In most home cases, your WAN is, for all intents and purposes, the internet.

路由器创建的网络称为局域网或LAN，它将您连接到较大的广域网或WAN。 在大多数家庭情况下，您的WAN出于所有目的和目的都是互联网。

Not all routers include Wi-Fi — some merely connect computers with Ethernet cables. That’s where the next piece of equipment comes in.

并非所有路由器都包含Wi-Fi-有些路由器仅通过以太网电缆连接计算机。 这就是下一个设备的来源。

接入点增加无线连接 (An Access Point Adds Wireless Connectivity)

Once upon a time, all computers connected to the internet through a jumble of wires. Today, though, we have the ability to connect all those devices to your home network (and thus, the internet) over Wi-Fi. To do that, you need something to broadcast that wireless signal.

曾几何时，所有计算机都是通过一堆电线连接到Internet的。 不过，今天，我们已经能够通过Wi-Fi将所有这些设备连接到您的家庭网络(从而连接到互联网)。 为此，您需要一些广播无线信号的工具。

A wireless access point connects to your router, usually over Ethernet, and communicates with your Ethernet-less devices over wireless frequencies. Most home users have routers with wireless access points built in, but standalone access points are still common for businesses, since you can pair multiple access points together to extend your network over a large area.

无线访问点通常通过以太网连接到路由器，并通过无线频率与无以太网设备通信。 大多数家庭用户都具有内置无线接入点的路由器，但是对于企业来说，独立接入点仍然很常见，因为您可以将多个接入点配对在一起，从而将您的网络扩展到大范围。

More recently, mesh network kits have become common for larger homes with lots of dead spots, since they allow multiple units to blanket your house in Wi-Fi more effectively than range extenders. These can act as wireless access points if you already have a router, or they can take on the job of a router as well — though usually with fewer advanced features.

最近， 网状网络工具包对于具有很多死角的大型家庭来说已经很普遍，因为它们允许多个单元比范围扩展器更有效地覆盖Wi-Fi中的房屋。 如果您已经拥有路由器，它们可以充当无线访问点，或者它们也可以充当路由器的工作，尽管通常高级功能较少。

交换机将额外的计算机连接到路由器 (A Switch Connects Extra Computers to the Router)

All routers come with built-in Ethernet ports, but depending on the size and class of router you buy, you may not have enough to plug in all your devices — especially in the age of smart home tech, which often require numerous, hard-wired base stations.

所有路由器都带有内置以太网端口，但是根据您购买的路由器的大小和类别，您可能没有足够的能力插入所有设备，尤其是在智能家居技术时代，这通常需要大量的，有线基站。

If you run out of Ethernet ports on your router, a switch can add more Ethernet ports to your network. You just plug your extra devices into the switch, plug the switch into your router, and they’ll appear on your network.

如果路由器的以太网端口用尽，则交换机可以向网络中添加更多以太网端口。 您只需将其他设备插入交换机，将交换机插入路由器，它们就会出现在您的网络中。

Note that you need a router in order to use a switch. A switch can’t assign IP addresses or create a network like your router can — it merely acts as a traffic cop for the signals coming through.

请注意，您需要路由器才能使用交换机。 交换机不能像路由器一样分配IP地址或创建网络-它仅充当通过信号的通信警察。

In addition, don’t confuse a switch with a hub, which looks almost identical, but acts very differently: instead of routing traffic between multiple devices, a hub merely takes an incoming signal and copies it to all devices on the hub. These are uncommon in modern home usage.

此外，不要将交换机与集线器混淆， 集线器看起来几乎相同，但是行为却大不相同：集线器不会在多个设备之间路由流量，而只会接收传入的信号并将其复制到集线器上的所有设备。 这些在现代家庭使用中并不常见。

这些功能可以组合成单个单元 (These Features Can Be Combined Into Single Units)

Not everyone has a separate modem, router, and access point in their home. These days, you’ll find a lot of these features combined into one device. For example, as we mentioned above, most people use wireless routers, which combine a router with a wireless access point. Many people even use modem/router combo units, which contain a modem, router, and wireless access point all in one device. These can save space and eliminate some wires, but just like shampoo and conditioner, some people like to keep these devices separate, since it allows for more choices.

并非每个人家中都有单独的调制解调器，路由器和访问点。 如今，您会发现许多这些功能组合到一个设备中。 例如，如上所述，大多数人使用无线路由器，该路由器将路由器与无线访问点结合在一起。 许多人甚至使用调制解调器/路由器组合单元，它们在一个设备中都包含调制解调器，路由器和无线访问点。 这些可以节省空间并省去一些电线，但是就像洗发水和护发素一样，有些人喜欢将这些设备分开放置，因为这样可以进行更多选择。

Originally published at https://www.pcmag.com.

最初发布在 https://www.pcmag.com 。

翻译自: https://medium.com/pcmag-access/modem-router-and-access-point-whats-the-difference-138aa7a7d550

路由器和调制解调器的区别