数据库课程设计结论_结论

数据库课程设计结论

项目管理 (Project Management)

The work of IT teams is done for the people who are paying to them, i.e. clients. Even if you are working on an internal product, everything has its customer and buyer.

IT团队的工作是为付钱给他们的人(即客户)完成的。 即使您正在开发内部产品，一切也都有其客户和买家。

There is a saying “He who pays the piper calls the tune”. However, there is a limit, and every request must be considered wisely. Blindly following demands of inexperienced IT stakeholders isn’t a good strategy. It might result in the ludicrous final product, which is conflicting with the quality and professional skills your company offers. It is important to build a long-term relationship with a customer, who has the possibility and willingness to pay regularly and steadily.

有句俗话：“付钱给吹笛者的人叫乐”。 但是，有一个限制，必须明智地考虑每个请求。 盲目跟随经验不足的IT利益相关者的要求不是一个好的策略。 这可能会导致可笑的最终产品，这与贵公司提供的质量和专业技能相矛盾。 与客户建立长期合作关系很重要，客户有可能并且愿意定期稳定地付款。

A good customer will even increase the contract amount with the growth of the project. This can only be achieved if your work brings value and revenue to the customer.

一个好的客户甚至会随着项目的增长而增加合同额。 只有您的工作为客户带来价值和收益，才能实现这一目标。

Below I present a list of common principles of work communication with clients. Following them will allow you to build a successful product. These guidelines are applicable to all customer-facing roles in software development.

下面，我列出了与客户进行工作沟通的常见原则。 关注它们将使您构建成功的产品。 这些准则适用于软件开发中所有面向客户的角色。

客户亲和力 (Customer Affinity)

This means that you have to put yourself in customers’ shoes and discover the motives of their requests and goals. Motives can be obvious or hidden (see the Mom Testbook for more details).

这意味着您必须置身于客户之内，并发现客户要求和目标的动机。 动机可能是显而易见的，也可能是隐藏的(有关更多详细信息，请参阅《妈妈测验 》)。

If you feel that you don’t have enough information to get a full scope of the task — you need to ask for it. You are about to invest your time in solving these problems. You need to understand all the aspects before setting priorities. Everything has to be completely transparent. If you have received a task or a user story and spot contentious issues or gaps, you have to make sure to fill them in. Try to get the full story to be on the same page with your client. You and your customer look differently at tasks and their solutions. The client may talk about one thing, think about another one, and expect something completely different. By using customer affinity, you will be able to speak one language with your customer and use it for creating a detailed plan for your entire team.

如果您觉得没有足够的信息来完成任务的全部范围，则需要提出要求。 您将花费您的时间来解决这些问题。 在设置优先级之前，您需要了解所有方面。 一切都必须完全透明。 如果您收到任务或用户案例并发现有争议的问题或空白，则必须确保将其填满。请尝试将完整案例与客户放在同一页面上。 您和您的客户对任务及其解决方案的看法不同。 客户可能谈论一件事，思考另一件事，并期望完全不同的事情。 通过使用客户亲和力，您将能够与客户说一种语言，并将其用于为整个团队创建详细计划。

经营理念 (Business concept)

Successful implementation of customer affinity practice enables you to see the business concept.

客户亲和力实践的成功实施使您能够看到业务概念。

1. Most of your clients are using your services to gain profit for their businesses. However, not always they are following their own goals. Sometimes their tasks are not business-focused and even create obstacles for making more money. For example, the client’s acquaintance advised them to add a new feature, or they are asking to create a reporting tool, which they will never use. Features with low or zero business value may take your team a bulk of time. All these issues must be raised, discussed, and pointed at. The majority of the clients are sensible people, so they will see that your arguments make sense.
   您的大多数客户都在使用您的服务来为其业务赚钱。 但是，他们并非总是遵循自己的目标。 有时，他们的任务不以业务为中心，甚至为赚更多钱创造了障碍。 例如，客户的熟人建议他们添加一个新功能，或者他们要求创建一个他们永远不会使用的报告工具。 业务价值低或为零的功能可能会使您的团队花费大量时间。 所有这些问题都必须提出，讨论和指出。 大多数客户都是明智的人，因此他们将看到您的论点是有道理的。

2. Don’t be overly straightforward. Sometimes clients keep insisting on useless tasks. “I want it this or no other way!” In such a case, try to reveal the hidden motives of your customer by asking questions. Why the task is so necessary to implement? Most often your clients know end-users better than you, and you need to rely on their expertise. A compromise may be to release a ‘feature MVP’ on production and receive first feedback from end-users. If the experience is negative, the customer will admit their mistake. Next time they will follow your advice. However, if the user feedback is positive, you have partly lost your credibility in the eyes of the customer, and you will have to follow their recommendations more often in the future.

2.不要过于简单。 有时客户会坚持执行无用的任务。 “我想要这样或没有其他方式！” 在这种情况下，请尝试通过提问来揭示客户的隐藏动机。 为什么必须如此执行任务？ 通常，您的客户比您更了解最终用户，因此您需要依靠他们的专业知识。 一种折衷方案可能是在生产中发布“功能MVP”并从最终用户那里接收第一反馈。 如果体验是负面的，客户将承认他们的错误。 下次他们会按照您的建议。 但是，如果用户的反馈是肯定的，那么您在客户眼中已经失去了部分信誉，将来您将不得不更多地遵循他们的建议。

诚实，尊重和节制 (Honesty, respect, and moderation)

Most of the companies are carefully choosing their clients. Therefore, if you have partnered with someone, you have to remember the following:

大多数公司都在精心选择客户。 因此，如果您与某人合作，则必须记住以下几点：

1. Honesty: promptly address any issues or failures you might have, so the client could make arrangements on their side. No one is immune to errors but silencing them will be considered as a sin.

   诚实 ：及时解决您可能遇到的任何问题或失败，以便客户可以自己安排。 没有人能幸免于难，但将其静音将被视为一种罪过。

2. Respect: your client might have their quirks. But they chose your services and are willing to pay for them. Just for this they already deserve respect.

   尊敬 ：您的客户可能会有古怪之处。 但是他们选择了您的服务，并愿意为此付费。 为此，他们已经值得尊重。

3. Moderation: try to hold back your emotions when communicating with your client. They might be inconsiderate or have a bad mood, but acting the same way will bring you no good. If you are mad at something, pour it out inside the team. If you missed something during a talk with a client, apologize for it. It doesn’t mean that we are going to put up with their antics. If a customer suddenly stops proper communication and starts being rude all the time, you can terminate the contract. Apart from that everything is manageable and can be negotiated.

   适度 ：与客户交流时尽量抑制情绪。 他们可能没有考虑或心情不好，但是以同样的方式行事不会给您带来任何好处。 如果您对某事感到生气，请将其倒入团队中。 如果您在与客户交谈期间错过了某些东西，请为此道歉。 这并不意味着我们要忍受他们的滑稽动作。 如果客户突然停止适当的沟通并开始无礼，您可以终止合同。 除此之外，一切都是可管理的并且可以协商。

公开协作 (Open and Collaborative Communication)

This is especially important in establishing relationships with remote clients. Here I would like to provide some useful extracts from the book “Remote. Office Not Required” by Jason Fried:

这对于与远程客户端建立关系特别重要。 在这里，我想从“远程 ”一书中提供一些有用的摘录。 不需要办公室” ，作者Jason Fried：

1. Regularly give your client an insight into the project. This is the most effective way to help them cope with natural anxiety. But look, they are paying you a fair amount of money and it’s reasonable that they are going to have some degree of concern from the moment they give you advance fee. When clients see a continuous result of your effort, they are feeling more relaxed.
   定期为您的客户提供对该项目的见解。 这是帮助他们应对自然焦虑的最有效方法。 但请注意，他们付给您的钱不菲，从给您预付款之日起，他们一定会有所关注，这是合理的。 当客户看到您不断努力的结果时，他们会感到更加放松。
2. You have to be always available to the client. Considering that you don’t have the opportunity to see each other in person, it is important to timely giveback calls, answer emails, respond in messengers, etc. Those are the basics of business ethics and their relevance is exponentially increasing when working remotely. Even though it may seem like an irrational feeling but if your customer perceives you as a “local”, they will consider you more reliable. But if you and your client are located in different countries, they will suspiciously react to any missed calls and “lost” emails. It is in your best interest to be available.
   您必须始终对客户可用。 考虑到您没有机会亲自见面，因此及时回电，接听电子邮件，使用Messenger进行响应等非常重要。这是商业道德的基础，并且在远程工作时，它们的相关性呈指数级增长。 尽管这似乎是一种非理性的感觉，但是如果您的客户认为您是“本地人”，他们会认为您更可靠。 但是，如果您和您的客户位于不同的国家/地区，他们会对可疑的未接电话和“丢失”的电子邮件做出React。 符合您的最大利益。
3. Involve clients at each stage of the work, they should see the whole process. Let them feel that it is also their project. Yes, you were indeed chosen because of your vast experience, but they are also knowledgeable. Organize shared online access to the project’s schedule, ask clients to give comments and listen to their suggestions, give them tasks (or let them give tasks to you). When the customer feels like they are a part of the project, the feeling of anxiety and nervousness will be replaced by excitement and appreciation.
   让客户参与工作的每个阶段，他们应该看到整个过程。 让他们觉得这也是他们的项目。 是的，您的确是因为您的丰富经验而被选中的，但是他们也很有知识。 组织对项目进度的共享在线访问，要求客户发表评论并听取他们的建议，给他们任务(或让他们给您任务)。 当客户觉得自己是项目的一部分时，焦虑和紧张的感觉将被兴奋和欣赏取代。

结论 (Conclusion)

Nevertheless, you have to remember that from the moment you signed the contract you and your client are one team. You two go hand in hand to your mutual goal. That’s why establishing a strong bond with a customer should be a priority for the entire technical team. Being respectful, considerate, always open-minded, and available for a discussion is the foundation of a long-standing partnership. Besides, it is essential to ensure that your client is feeling involved and present in the project despite the distance that might keep you apart. A trustful and strong relationship with the client is key to a great experience of working on the project.

但是，您必须记住，从签订合同的那一刻起，您和您的客户便是一个团队。 你们两个携手并进，共同实现目标。 因此，与客户建立牢固的联系应该成为整个技术团队的工作重点。 相互尊重，体贴，始终开放并可以进行讨论是长期合作关系的基础。 此外，至关重要的是要确保您的客户感到参与其中并参与到项目中，尽管距离可能会使您分开。 与客户建立信任和牢固的关系是获得丰富的项目经验的关键。

翻译自: https://blog.maddevs.io/how-to-communicate-with-client-to-build-a-successful-software-6a054b089f6f

数据库课程设计结论