快速傅立叶变换fft_使用快速傅立叶变换fft从气候数据中提取季节性模式

快速傅立叶变换fft

Meteorology students hardly experience smooth and expeditious data analysis. When comes to results, they oftentimes plunge to nebulous insights and vague conclusions. Despite how clearly the method used, meteorology students shouldn’t take the idea of being creative in handling the data for granted. The quality of results totally depends on how creative they scramble the data and extract its insights. Hence the better result quality comes the more beneficial explanation. For the practical instance, when harnessing the time series meteorological dataset on analysis, many students trivialize the existence of another possible domain on the dataset. Many students don’t treat the time series data as a signal or wave that related to many parameters such as frequency and period. In this post, I’m going to show an uncomplicated example on how we use other possible domain of time series data -which is frequency- on analyzing meteorology phenomenon encompassing its practical step-by-step methods using python programming language.

气象专业的学生几乎不会经历流畅而Swift的数据分析。 当涉及到结果时，他们通常会陷入模糊的见解和模糊的结论。 尽管使用的方法有多清晰，但气象学学生在处理数据时不应抱有创造性的想法。 结果的质量完全取决于他们如何创造性地加扰数据并提取其见解。 因此，更好的结果质量来自更有益的解释。 在实际情况中，当利用时间序列气象数据集进行分析时，许多学生轻视了数据集上另一个可能域的存在。 许多学生不会将时间序列数据视为与许多参数(例如频率和周期)相关的信号或波。 在本文中，我将展示一个简单的示例，说明如何使用其他可能的时间序列数据域(即频率)来分析气象现象，其中包括使用python编程语言进行的实用逐步方法。

Prepare the data

准备数据

First things first, prepare the data that going to be analyzed. For example, I use 37-years daily precipitation from CHIRPS which is rainfall estimates from rain gauge and satellite observations. The data has been cropped at the specific BMKG Station in Bandung, named Cemara Weather Station. Since CHIRPS data more complete than BMKG data, I personally prefer to use CHIRPS rather than use BMKG data despite the considerable discrepancy in the data when compared.

首先，准备要分析的数据。 例如，我使用来自CHIRPS的 37年日降水量，这是根据雨量计和卫星观测得出的降雨量估算值。 数据已在万隆特定的BMKG站Cemara气象站进行了裁剪。 由于CHIRPS数据比BMKG数据更完整，因此我个人更喜欢使用CHIRPS而不是BMKG数据，尽管与之相比数据存在很大差异。

Fig 1 shows the daily precipitation (mm) from 1st January of 1981 until 31st December of 2018. We might already have known that Bandung or any other region located on Java island has two seasons (dry and rainy). The peak of rainy season in Bandung normally happens in December-January-February (DJF) and the trough of rainy season -which also called dry season- in Bandung normally happens in June-July-August. Much of research proved that seasonality weather in Bandung (and mostly western Indonesia) is affected by Asia-Australia monsoon. As we know the trend of rain seasonality, we suppose to be able to depict it as a wave or signal since it has the peak and trough. For the better overview, instead of figure the data as a panel fraught of raw points connected to each other, let’s turn it to monthly precipitation.

图1显示了从1981年1月1日到2018年12月31日的日降水量(mm)。我们可能已经知道万隆或Java岛上的任何其他地区有两个季节(干燥和多雨)。 万隆的雨季高峰通常发生在12月至1月至2月(DJF)，而万隆的雨季低谷(也称为旱季)通常发生在6月，7月至8月。 许多研究证明，万隆(主要是印度尼西亚西部)的季节性天气受亚澳季风影响。 我们知道降雨季节的趋势，因为它具有波峰和波谷，因此我们可以将其描述为波浪或信号。 为了获得更好的概览，我们不要将数据看作是相互连接的原始点的面板，而是将其转换为月降水量。