socket TCP编程例子，初学学习必不可少

目录

1 TCP通信基本流程

2 示例程序

2.1 服务端程序

2.2 客户端程序

3 调试

3.1 编译

3.2 运行

---

1 TCP通信基本流程

图 1

2 示例程序

2.1 服务端程序

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>

#define LISTEN_BACKLOG (5)
#define BUF_SIZE (1500)
#define ACK_STR "ack ok"

void usage(void) {
    printf("*********************************\n");       
    printf("./server 本端ip 本端端口\n");    
    printf("*********************************\n");
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    struct sockaddr_in client;    
    struct sockaddr_in server;     
    int sock_fd = 0, new_fd = 0;    
    int ret = 0;    
    socklen_t addrlen = 0;    
    char send_buf[BUF_SIZE] = {0};    
    char recv_buf[BUF_SIZE] = {0};        
    
    if (argc != 3) {
        usage();                
        return -1;    
    }            
    
    char *ip = argv[1];    
    unsigned short port = atoi(argv[2]);    
    printf("ip:port->%s:%u\n", argv[1], port);
            
    sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);    
    if (sock_fd == -1) {
        perror("socket error");        
        return -1;
    }            
    
    memset(&client, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));    
    client.sin_family = AF_INET;    
    client.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);     
    client.sin_port = htons(port);     
    ret = bind(sock_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&client,
                              sizeof(struct sockaddr));    
    if (ret == -1) {
        close(sock_fd);        
        perror("bind error");        
        return -1;    
    }    
    
    ret = listen(sock_fd, LISTEN_BACKLOG);    
    if (ret == -1) {        
        close(sock_fd);        
        perror("listen error");       
        return -1;    
    }
          
    addrlen = sizeof(server); 
    new_fd = accept(sock_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&server, &addrlen); 
    if (new_fd == -1) {      
        close(sock_fd);     
        perror("accept error");  
        return -1;  
     } 
     
    int seq = 0;   
    while(1) {   
        memset(recv_buf, 0, BUF_SIZE);  
        ret = recv(new_fd, recv_buf, BUF_SIZE, 0);        
        printf("recv len:%d, %s\n", ret, recv_buf);      
        memset(send_buf, 0, BUF_SIZE);       
        sprintf(send_buf, "%s:%d\n", ACK_STR, seq++); 
        ret = send(new_fd, send_buf, strlen(send_buf), 0);       
        printf("send len:%d %s\n", ret, send_buf);  
    } 
     
    close(sock_fd);    
    close(new_fd);   
    return 0;
}

2.2 客户端程序

#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define LISTEN_BACKLOG (5)
#define BUF_SIZE (1500)
#define REQUEST_STR "tcp pack"

void usage(void) {    
    printf("*********************************\n");   
    printf("./client 对端ip 对端端口\n");    
    printf("*********************************\n");
}
 
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {    
    struct sockaddr_in client;    
    struct sockaddr_in server;    
    int sock_fd = 0;    
    int ret = 0;    
    socklen_t addrlen = 0;    
    char send_buf[BUF_SIZE] = {0};    
    char recv_buf[BUF_SIZE] = {0};  
          
    if (argc != 3) {        
        usage();        
        return -1;    
    }    
        
    char *ip = argv[1];    
    unsigned short port = atoi(argv[2]);    
    printf("ip:port->%s:%u\n", argv[1], port);     
       
    sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);    
    if (sock_fd == -1) {        
        perror("socket error");        
        return -1;    
    }   
         
    memset(&server, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));    
    server.sin_family = AF_INET;    
    server.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);    
    server.sin_port = htons(port);    
    ret = connect(sock_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&server,                             
                            sizeof(struct sockaddr));    
    if (ret == -1) {        
        close(sock_fd);        
        perror("connect error");        
        return -1;    
    }   
         
    int seq = 0;    
    while(1) {        
        sleep(1);       
        memset(send_buf, 0, BUF_SIZE);        
        sprintf(send_buf, "%s:%d", REQUEST_STR, seq++);        
        send(sock_fd, send_buf, strlen(send_buf), 0);        
        printf("send %s\n", send_buf);        
        memset(recv_buf, 0, BUF_SIZE);        
        recv(sock_fd, recv_buf, BUF_SIZE, 0);        
        printf("recv %s\n", recv_buf);    
    }     
       
    close(sock_fd);    
    return 0;
}

3 调试

3.1 编译

服务端#gcc server.c -o server

客户端#gcc client.c -o client

3.2 运行

服务端命令

#./server 本端ip 本端端口客户端命令

#./client 对端ip 对端端口

调试输出：

服务端打印

 
客户端打印