python指定概率选择元素_Python 以指定的概率選取元素

Python 以指定的概率選取元素

Problem

You want to pick an item at random from a list, just about as random.choice does, but you need to pick the various items with different probabilities given in another list, rather than picking any item with equal probability as random.choice does.

Solution

Module random in the standard Python library offers a wealth of possibilities for generating and using pseudo-random numbers, but it does not offer this specific functionality, so we must code it as a function of our own:importrandomdefrandom_pick(some_list, probabilities):

x= random.uniform(0,1)

cumulative_probability= 0.0

for item, item_probability inzip(some_list, probabilities):

cumulative_probability+=item_probabilityif x

return item

random.uniform(0,1)->生成0.0到1.0之間的偽隨機數,之后循環元素及其概率,計算累積概率.

如：random_pick([1,2,3,4],[0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4])

當x處於