mysql dump 二进制_mysqldump完全备份 和 二进制即时点还原数据库

一 实验目标

1 掌握mysqldump用法

2 掌握 mysqldump 完全备份，增量备份

3 掌握 mysqldump 恢复数据库，二进制日志即时点还原

二 实验环境

操作系统：CentOS release 6.8 (Final)

应用软件：percona-server-5.6.29-76.2

三 备份策略

周完全+每日增量

完全备份： 使用mysqldump备份所有库

增量备份： 备份二进制日志文件

四 模拟过程

4.1 实验前准备

导入jiaowu.sql 数据

[root@paul ~]# mysql < /root/jiaowu.sql

[root@paul ~]# mysql

mysql> show databases;

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.10 sec)

mysql> use jiaowu;

mysql> show tables;

+------------------+

| Tables_in_jiaowu |

+------------------+

| courses |

| scores |

| students |

| tutors |

+------------------+

4.2 用mysqldump 做完全备份

[root@paul ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p --master-data=2 --lock-all-tables --flush-logs --all-databases > /root/alldatabases.sql

连接mysql

[root@paul ~]# mysql

mysql> SHOW BINARY LOGS;

+------------------+-----------+

| Log_name | File_size |

+------------------+-----------+

| mysql-bin.000001 | 10389 |

| mysql-bin.000002 | 120 |

+------------------+-----------+

删掉旧二进制日志

mysql> PURGE BINARY LOGS TO 'mysql-bin.000002';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

4.3 第一天增量备份

模拟数据库修改，删掉部分数据

[root@paul ~]# mysql

mysql> use jiaowu;

mysql> SELECT * FROM tutors;

+-----+--------------+--------+------+

| TID | Tname | Gender | Age |

+-----+--------------+--------+------+

| 1 | HongQigong | M | 93 |

| 2 | HuangYaoshi | M | 63 |

| 3 | Miejueshitai | F | 72 |

| 4 | OuYangfeng | M | 76 |

| 5 | YiDeng | M | 90 |

| 6 | YuCanghai | M | 56 |

| 7 | Jinlunfawang | M | 67 |

| 8 | HuYidao | M | 42 |

| 9 | NingZhongze | F | 49 |

+-----+--------------+--------+------+

mysql> DELETE FROM tutors WHERE Age>90;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> FLUSH LOGS;

mysql> SHOW BINARY LOGS;

+------------------+-----------+

| Log_name | File_size |

+------------------+-----------+

| mysql-bin.000002 | 390 |

| mysql-bin.000003 | 120 |

+------------------+-----------+

mysql> quit;

[root@paul ~]# ls -l /data/mysql

[root@paul ~]# cp -a /data/mysql/mysql-bin.000002 /root/

将二进制日志文件转换为sql脚本

[root@paul ~]# mysqlbinlog /root/mysql-bin.000002 > /root/mon-incremental.sql

4.4 第二天数据库增量备份

[root@paul ~]# mysql

mysql> use jiaowu;

mysql> INSERT INTO tutors (Tname) VALUES ('stu123');

mysql> FLUSH LOGS;

mysql> SHOW BINARY LOGS;

+------------------+-----------+

| Log_name | File_size |

+------------------+-----------+

| mysql-bin.000002 | 390 |

| mysql-bin.000003 | 435 |

| mysql-bin.000004 | 120 |

+------------------+-----------+

mysql> QUIT;

备份第二天二进制日志文件

[root@paul ~]# cp -a /data/mysql/mysql-bin.000003 /root/

4.5 删掉数据库，模拟数据损坏(已提前备份好数据和二进制日志文件)

[root@paul ~]# rm -rf /data/mysql/*

[root@paul ~]# service mysqld stop

MySQL (Percona Server) PID file could not be found! [FAILED]

[root@paul ~]# killall mysqld

初始化mysql

[root@paul ~]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db

--user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

[root@paul ~]# service mysqld start

4.6 还原完全备份

[root@paul ~]# mysql -uroot -p < /root/alldatabases.sql

4.7 恢复第一天增量备份

[root@paul ~]# mysqlbinlog /root/mysql-bin.000002 | mysql -uroot –p

4.8 恢复第二天增量备份

[root@paul ~]# mysqlbinlog /root/mysql-bin.000003 | mysql -uroot -p