linux创建磁盘并挂在,添加磁盘并挂载磁盘

当磁盘空间不足的情况下，需要向系统中另外添加一块磁盘，补充空间不足，

避免数据库收文件系统空间不足而不能正常运作。以下是添加新磁盘的过程：

在虚拟机添加一块10G的磁盘之后，重启虚拟机：

---查看磁盘的情况：

[root@su ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux

/dev/sda2              14         535     4192965   82  Linux swap / Solaris

/dev/sda3             536        2610    16667437+  83  Linux

#目前只有一块磁盘分3个分区。

Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

[root@su ~]#

---对新的磁盘进行分区：

[root@su ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

content won't be recoverable.

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 1305.

There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

and could in certain setups cause problems with:

1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e   extended

p   primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-1305, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-1305, default 1305): 326

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

#分了第一块出来：

--继续分第二块：

[root@su ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 1305.

There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

and could in certain setups cause problems with:

1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e   extended

p   primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 2

First cylinder (327-1305, default 327):

Using default value 327

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (327-1305, default 1305):

Using default value 1305

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.

The kernel still uses the old table.

The new table will be used at the next reboot.

Syncing disks.

[root@su ~]#

--查看第二块磁盘的分区情况：

[root@su ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux

/dev/sda2              14         535     4192965   82  Linux swap / Solaris

/dev/sda3             536        2610    16667437+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1               1         326     2618563+  83  Linux

/dev/sdb2             327        1305     7863817+  83  Linux

[root@su ~]#

#现在有两块磁盘，第一块磁盘3个分区，第二块磁盘2个分区。

---格式化已分区的磁盘：

[root@su ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1

mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

327680 inodes, 654640 blocks

32732 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=671088640

20 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

16384 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (16384 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 20 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@su ~]#

#格式化完成。

---挂载文件系统：

--把第一分区挂载到/data的目录下：

--创建一个目录data：

[root@su ~]#  mkdir /data

[root@su ~]#  ls -l / |grep data

drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Nov  8 20:33 data

[root@su ~]#  mount /dev/sdb1 /data

[root@su ~]#

[root@su ~]# cd /data/

[root@su data]# ls

lost+found

[root@su data]#

#进入到目录查看，其中显示lost+found，则手动挂载成功。

--可设置自动挂载：

----设置磁盘自动挂载：

[root@su ~]# vi /etc/fstab

LABEL=/                 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

LABEL=/boot             /boot                   ext3    defaults        1 2

tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

LABEL=SWAP-sda2         swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

/dev/sdb1               /data                   ext3    defaults        0 0

~

#保存就自动挂载成功。