centos 本地安装mysql_CentOS7本地安装MySQL5.7

操作系统：3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64

安装包：mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

1：检查是否安装了 libaio(centos7默认安装)

rpm -qa | grep libaio

2：解压

# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

# cd /usr/local/

# mkdir mysql

# mv /app/mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/* mysql/

3：创建mysql用户

# groupadd mysql

# useradd -r -g mysql mysql

4：创建相关目录以及授权

# cd mysql/

# chown -R mysql:mysql ./

# mkdir data

# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql

# chmod 766 /var/lib/mysql/ -R

# chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/ -R

5：修改配置文件

#vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysql]

# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集

default-character-set=utf8

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

#skip-name-resolve

#设置3306端口

port=3306

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# 设置mysql的安装目录

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

# 允许最大连接数

max_connections=200

# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集

character-set-server=utf8

# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎

default-storage-engine=INNODB

#lower_case_table_name=1

max_allowed_packet=16M

6：启动

[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

2019-04-15T14:20:38.757727Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

2019-04-15T14:20:40.143729Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790

2019-04-15T14:20:40.429582Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.

2019-04-15T14:20:40.571055Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: a5a4ce13-5f89-11e9-8595-d850e6b87b68.

2019-04-15T14:20:40.585591Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table ‘mysql.gtid_executed‘ cannot be opened.

2019-04-15T14:20:40.586435Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: OR>sa;aya8aj

7：设置开机启动

cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig --add mysqld

chkconfig --list mysqld

8：启动

# service mysqld start

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

9：配置环境变量

vi /etc/profile

#MYSQL

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

source /etc/profile

10：修改root用户密码

(1)修改 /etc/my.cnf，在 [mysqld] 小节下添加一行：skip-grant-tables=1

这一行配置让 mysqld 启动时不对密码进行验证

(2)重启 mysqld 服务：systemctl restart mysqld

(3)使用 root 用户登录到 mysql：mysql -u root

(4)切换到mysql数据库，更新 user 表：

mysql> use mysql;

mysql> update user set authentication_string = password(‘mysql‘), password_expired = ‘N‘, password_last_changed = now() where user = ‘root‘;

mysql> flush privileges;

在之前的版本中，密码字段的字段名是 password，5.7版本改为了 authentication_string

(5)退出 mysql，编辑 /etc/my.cnf 文件，删除 skip-grant-tables=1 的内容

(6)重启 mysqld 服务，再用新密码登录即可

# service mysqld restart

# mysql -uroot -pmysql

11：增加防火墙策略

# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

# firewall-cmd --reload