java future<v>_java.util.concurrent.Future<V>

A

Future represents the result of an asynchronous(异步) computation(计算). Methods are provided to check if the computation is complete, to wait for its completion, and to retrieve(取回) the result of the computation. The result can only be retrieved using method

get when the computation has completed, blocking(阻塞) if necessary until it is ready. Cancellation(消除) is performed by the

cancel method. Additional methods are provided to determine if the task completed normally or was cancelled. Once a computation has completed, the computation cannot be cancelled. If you would like to use a

Future for the sake(缘故) of cancellability(可取消) but not provide a usable(可用) result, you can declare types of the form

Future> and return

null as a result of the underlying task.

Sample Usage (Note that the following classes are all made-up.)

interface ArchiveSearcher { String search(String target); }

class App {

ExecutorService executor = ...

ArchiveSearcher searcher = ...

void showSearch(final String target)

throws InterruptedException {

Future future

= executor.submit(new Callable() {

public String call() {

return searcher.search(target);

}});

displayOtherThings(); // do other things while searching

try {

displayText(future.get()); // use future

} catch (ExecutionException ex) { cleanup(); return; }

}

}

The FutureTask class is an implementation of Future that implements Runnable, and so may be executed by an Executor. For example, the above construction(构造) with submit could be replaced by:

FutureTask future =

new FutureTask(new Callable() {

public String call() {

return searcher.search(target);

}});

executor.execute(future);

Memory consistency(一致性) effects: Actions taken by the asynchronous computation happen-before actions following the corresponding(相应) Future.get() in another thread.

Since: 1.5

See Also: FutureTask, Executor