56-MyBatis关联映射之一对多映射

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-11 16:45:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-07-11 16:45:00 发布

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文章标签： java 数据库数据结构与算法

原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/zhumengdexiaobai/p/11111969.html

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转载自：MyBatis学习（六）MyBatis关联映射之一对多映射

他写的真详细！！！

数据库中一对多通常使用主外键关联，外键应该在多方，即多方维护关系。

补充：如果映射时存在多个参数时：

	<!-- 根据问题id和用户id找到单个答案（v_paper_answer） -->
	<select id="findAnsByQidAndUserid" resultType="PaperAns2">
		select * 
		from v_paper_answer v
		where 1=1 and v.questionId = #{id} and v.userId = #{userid}
		<!-- where 1=1 and v.questionId = #{id} and v.userId = #{userid} -->
	</select>
	<!--  查询 paper + ques + ans(为ans链表) -->
	<select id="findAnswerList" resultMap="paperQuesAns2ResultMap">
		SELECT
			q.id,
			q.paperid,
			p.title,	
			p.createTime,
			p.createUserId,
			p.description,
			p.status,
			p.level,
			q.id as quesId,
			q.qid,
			q.content,
			q.ismust,
			q.type,
			q.min_num,
			q.max_num,
			a.userId
		FROM
			db_paper p, db_question2 q  
			left join db_answer a on a.questionId = q.id  
		WHERE
			q.paperId = #{id} and p.id = q.paperId and a.userId = #{userId}
		AND (
			 content IS NOT NULL ) order by (qid+0)
	</select>
	<resultMap type="PaperQuesAns2" id="paperQuesAns2ResultMap">
        <id property="id" column="id"/>
        <result property="paperId" column="paperId"/>
        <result property="title" column="title"/>
        <result property="createTime" column="createTime"/>
        <result property="createUserId" column="createUserId"/>
        <result property="description" column="description"/>
        <result property="status" column="status"/>
        <result property="level" column="level"/>
        <result property="quesId" column="quesId"/>
        <result property="qid" column="qid"/>
        <result property="content" column="content"/>
        <!-- <result property="remark" column="remark"/> -->
        <!-- <result property="num" column="num"/> -->
        <result property="ismust" column="ismust"/>
        <result property="type" column="type"/>
        <result property="min_num" column="min_num"/>
        <result property="max_num" column="max_num"/>
        <!--property表示返回类型Question2的属性options
            column表示将id作为参数进行之后的查询
            fetchtype表示懒加载
            javaType表示属性对应的类型 
            ofType表示集合当中的类型
        -->
        <!-- 填充选项链表 -->
        <collection property="options" column="id" fetchType="lazy" 
                javaType="ArrayList" ofType="PaperOption2" 
                select="findAllOption">
                <id property="id" column="id"/>
                <result property="quesid" column="quesid"/>
                <result property="orderid" column="orderid"/>
                <result property="content" column="content"/>
                <result property="remark" column="remark"/>
        </collection>
        <!-- 填充答案链表 -->
        <collection property="answers" column="id=id,userid=userId" fetchType="lazy"
                javaType="ArrayList" ofType="Answer" 
                select="findAnsByQidAndUserid">
                <id property="id" column="id"/>
                <result property="answer" column="answer"/>
                <result property="subTime" column="subTime"/>
                <result property="userId" column="userId"/>
        </collection> 
    </resultMap>

下面举一个简单实例来看看MyBatis怎么处理一对多的关系。

1.创建一个项目，导入所需jar包，导入db.properties配置文件，导入log4j.properties配置文件

2.创建一个数据库，在里面创建两张表

-- Table structure for `t_clazz`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_clazz`;
CREATE TABLE `t_clazz` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `code` varchar(18) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of t_clazz
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_clazz` VALUES ('1', '一班');
INSERT INTO `t_clazz` VALUES ('2', '二班');

-- Table structure for `t_student`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_student`;
CREATE TABLE `t_student` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(18) NOT NULL,
  `sex` varchar(3) NOT NULL,
  `age` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `cid` int(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `cid` (`cid`),
  CONSTRAINT `cid` FOREIGN KEY (`cid`) REFERENCES `t_clazz` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of t_student
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_student` VALUES ('1', '张三', '男', '11', '1');
INSERT INTO `t_student` VALUES ('2', '李四', '男', '12', '2');
INSERT INTO `t_student` VALUES ('3', '小红', '女', '13', '1');

3.编写对应的实体类

public class Student {

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String sex;
    private Integer age;
    //关联的clazz对象
    private Clazz clazz;

public class Clazz {

    private Integer id;
    private String code;
    //关联的student集合
    private List<Student> students;

4.编写对应的SQL映射文件

ClazzMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" 
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dj.mapper.ClazzMapper">

    <select id="selectClazzById" parameterType="int" resultMap="clazzResultMap">
        select * from t_clazz where id =#{id}
    </select>
    <resultMap type="com.dj.domain.Clazz" id="clazzResultMap">
        <id property="id" column="id"/>
        <resultproperty="code" column="code"/>
        <!--property表示返回类型Clazz的属性students
            column表示将id作为参数进行之后的查询
            fetchtype表示懒加载
            javaType表示属性对应的类型 
            ofType表示集合当中的类型
        -->
        <collection property="students" column="id" fetchType="lazy" 
                javaType="ArrayList" ofType="com.dj.domain.Student" 
                select="com.dj.mapper.StudentMapper.selectStudentByClazzId">
                <id property="id" column="id"/>
                <resultproperty="name" column="name"/>
                <resultproperty="sex" column="sex"/>
                <resultproperty="age" column="age"/>
                </collection>
    </resultMap>
    
    
</mapper>

StudentMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" 
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!-- namespace指用户自定义的命名空间 -->
<mapper namespace="com.dj.mapper.StudentMapper">

    <select id="selectStudentByClazzId" parameterType="int" resultType="com.dj.domain.Student">
        select * from t_student where cid=#{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

5.编写mybatis-config.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
 <configuration>
     <!-- 引入 外部db.properties文件-->
     <properties resource="db.properties"/>
     <!-- 指定 MyBatis 所用日志的具体实现-->
     <settings>
         <setting name="logImpl" value="log4j"/>
     </settings>
     <!-- 环境配置 -->
     <environments default="mysql">
         <environment id="mysql">
             <!-- 指定事务类型 -->
             <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
                 <!--  dataSource指数据源配置，POOLED是JDBC连接对象的数据源连接池的实现。 -->
             <dataSource type="POOLED">
                 <property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
                 <property name="url" value="${url}"/>
                 <property name="username" value="${username}"/>
                 <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
             </dataSource>
         </environment>
     </environments>
     <!-- SQL映射文件位置 -->
     <mappers>
         <mapper resource="com/dj/mapper/StudentMapper.xml"/>
         <mapper resource="com/dj/mapper/ClazzMapper.xml"/>
     </mappers>
 </configuration>

6.mybatis建议通过mapper接口的代理对象访问mybatis，该对象关联了一个sqlsession对象，开发者可以通过该对象直接调用方法操作数据库。

注意: mapper接口对象的类名必须和之前的mapper.xml的namespace一致，方法名和参数名及返回类型也要与mapper.xml的配置一致。

public interface ClazzMapper {
    //根据id查询班级信息
    Clazz selectClazzById(int id);
    
}

7.测试

public class OneToManyTest {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        //获得mapper接口的代理对象
        ClazzMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ClazzMapper.class);
        //调用接口中的方法
        Clazz clazz = mapper.selectClazzById(1);
        List<Student> students = clazz.getStudents();
        for (Student student : students) {
            System.out.println(student);
        }
        
    }

}

在控制台可以看到如下结果：