android 自定义属性详解

今天用到了自定义控件,也想用一下自定义属性,从网上搜了一下资料汇总的一下。

 

1. reference:参考某一资源ID。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "background" format = "reference" />

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

             <ImageView

                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                      android:layout_height = "42dip"
                      android:background = "@drawable/图片ID"

                     />

2. color:颜色值。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <TextView

                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                      android:layout_height = "42dip"
                      android:textColor = "#00FF00"

                     />

3. boolean:布尔值。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <Button

                    android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"

                    android:focusable = "true"

                    />

4. dimension:尺寸值。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <Button

                    android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"

                    />

5. float:浮点值。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation">

                   <attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />
                    <attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" />

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <alpha
                    android:fromAlpha = "1.0"
                    android:toAlpha = "0.7"

                   />

6. integer:整型值。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable">

                   <attr name = "visible" />
                    <attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />
                    <attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" />
                    <attr name = "pivotX" />
                    <attr name = "pivotY" />
                    <attr name = "drawable" />

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <animated-rotate

                   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                    android:drawable = "@drawable/图片ID" 
                   android:pivotX = "50%" 
                   android:pivotY = "50%" 
                   android:framesCount = "12" 
                   android:frameDuration = "100"

                   />

7. string:字符串。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "MapView">
                    <attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" />
             </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <com.google.android.maps.MapView
                     android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                     android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
                     android:apiKey = "0jOkQ80oD1JL9C6HAja99uGXCRiS2CGjKO_bc_g"

                    />

8. fraction:百分数。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable">
                    <attr name = "visible" />
                    <attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" />
                    <attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" />
                    <attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />
                    <attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" />
                    <attr name = "drawable" />
             </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <rotate

                   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
               android:interpolator = "@anim/动画ID"

                   android:fromDegrees = "0"
               android:toDegrees = "360"

                   android:pivotX = "200%"

                   android:pivotY = "300%"
               android:duration = "5000"

                   android:repeatMode = "restart"

                   android:repeatCount = "infinite"

                   />

9. enum:枚举值。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name="名称">
                    <attr name="orientation">
                           <enum name="horizontal" value="0" />
                           <enum name="vertical" value="1" />
                    </attr>           

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <LinearLayout

                    xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                     android:orientation = "vertical"
                     android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                     android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
                     >
             </LinearLayout>

10. flag:位或运算。

     (1)属性定义:

             <declare-styleable name="名称">
                     <attr name="windowSoftInputMode">
                             <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />
                             <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />
                             <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />
                             <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />
                             <flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" />
                             <flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" />
                             <flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" />
                             <flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" />
                             <flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" />
                             <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />
                      </attr>        

             </declare-styleable>

     (2)属性使用:

            <activity

                   android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"
                    android:label = "@string/app_name"
                    android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged | stateHidden">
                    <intent-filter>
                           <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                           <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
                    </intent-filter>
              </activity>

     注意:

     属性定义时可以指定多种类型值。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" />

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

             <ImageView

                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                      android:layout_height = "42dip"
                      android:background = "@drawable/图片ID|#00FF00"

                     />

 

 在xml 文件里定义控件的属性,我们已经习惯了android:attrs="" ,那么我们能不能定义自己的属性能,比如:test:attrs="" 呢?答案是肯定的.

        好了我就不卖关子了,直接进入主题。大致以下步骤:
        一、res/values 文件下定义一个attrs.xml 文件.代码如下:

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<resources> 
<declare-styleable name="MyView"> 
<attr name="textColor" format="color" /> 
<attr name="textSize" format="dimension" /> 
</declare-styleable> 
</resources> 

二、 我们在MyView.java 代码修改如下,其中下面的构造方法是重点,我们获取定义的属性我们R.sytleable.MyView_textColor, 获取方法中后面通常设定默认值(float textSize = a.getDimension(R.styleable.MyView_textSize, 36 ); ), 防止我们在xml 文件中没有定义.从而使用默认值!

        获取,MyView 就是定义在<declare-styleable name="MyView "></declare-styleable> 里的名字,获取里面属性用名字_ 属性 连接起来就可以.TypedArray 通常最后调用 .recycle() 方法,为了保持以后使用该属性一致性!

 1 public MyView(Context context,AttributeSet attrs) 
 2 { 
 3 super(context,attrs); 
 4 mPaint = new Paint(); 
 5 TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,R.styleable.MyView); 
 6 int textColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.MyView_textColor, 0XFFFFFFFF); 
 7 float textSize = a.getDimension(R.styleable.MyView_textSize, 36); 
 8 mPaint.setTextSize(textSize); 
 9 mPaint.setColor(textColor); 
10 a.recycle(); 
11 } 

MyView.java 全部代码如下:

 

 1 package eoe.demo; 
 2 
 3 
 4 import android.content.Context; 
 5 import android.content.res.TypedArray; 
 6 import android.graphics.Canvas; 
 7 import android.graphics.Color; 
 8 import android.graphics.Paint; 
 9 import android.graphics.Rect; 
10 import android.graphics.Paint.Style; 
11 import android.util.AttributeSet; 
12 import android.view.View; 
13 
14 
15 public class MyView extends View { 
16 private Paint mPaint; 
17 private Context mContext; 
18 private static final String mString = "Welcome to Mr Wei's blog"; 
19 public MyView(Context context) { 
20 super(context); 
21 mPaint = new Paint(); 
22 } 
23 public MyView(Context context,AttributeSet attrs) 
24 { 
25 super(context,attrs); 
26 mPaint = new Paint(); 
27 TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.MyView); 
28 int textColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.MyView_textColor,0XFFFFFFFF); 
29 float textSize = a.getDimension(R.styleable.MyView_textSize, 36); 
30 mPaint.setTextSize(textSize); 
31 mPaint.setColor(textColor); 
32 a.recycle(); 
33 } 
34 
35 
36 @Override 
37 protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { 
38 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
39 super.onDraw(canvas); 
40 //设置填充 
41 mPaint.setStyle(Style.FILL); 
42 //画一个矩形,前俩个是矩形左上角坐标,后面俩个是右下角坐标 
43 canvas.drawRect(new Rect(10, 10, 100, 100), mPaint); 
44 mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE); 
45 //绘制文字 
46 canvas.drawText(mString, 10, 110, mPaint); 
47 } 
48 } 

 

   将我们自定义的MyView 加入布局main.xml 文件中,平且使用自定义属性,自定义属性必须加上:
xmlns:test ="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.android.tutor "蓝色 是自定义属性的前缀,红色是我们包名.

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
 2 <LinearLayout 
 3 xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
 4 
 5 xmlns:test="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.android.tutor" 
 6 android:orientation="vertical" 
 7 android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
 8 android:layout_height="fill_parent" 
 9 > 
10 
11 
12 <TextView 
13 android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
14 android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
15 android:text="@string/hello" 
16 /> 
17 
18 
19 <com.android.tutor.MyView 
20 android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
21 android:layout_height="fill_parent" 
22 test:textSize="20px" 
23 test:textColor="#fff" 
24 /> 
25 </LinearLayout>

 

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/androidxiaoyang/archive/2013/01/11/2855803.html

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