randperm（产生随机数）、reshape（重塑矩阵） ...

一、randperm命令

1.随机产生N个1到N的整数

P = randperm(N) returns a vector containing a random permutation of the integers 1:N. For example, randperm(6) might be [2 4 5 6 1 3].

返回一个N维向量P，包含N个1到N的随机值，且不重复！

>> P=randperm(6)

P =

     4     5     2     1     6     3

>> P=randperm(6)

P =

     4     6     2     1     3     5

2.随机产生K个1到N的整数

P = randperm(N,K) returns a row vector containing K unique integers selected randomly from 1:N. For example, randperm(6,3) might be [4 2 5].

返回一个K维向量P，包含K个1到N的随机值，且不重复！

>> P=randperm(6,5)

P =

     1     5     6     2     3

>> P=randperm(6,5)

P =

     5     4     3     6     2

二、reshape命令

1.重塑矩阵

reshape(X,M,N) or reshape(X,[M,N]) returns the M-by-N matrix whose elements are taken columnwise from X. An error results if X does not have M*N elements.

将矩阵Xm×n重塑成一个M×N的矩阵，按每一列从上往下取，其中m∗n=M∗N，否则将产生错误。

>> X=rand(3,4)

X =
    0.5519    0.4872    0.2137    0.9010
    0.4038    0.3848    0.5439    0.0563
    0.7501    0.0614    0.4106    0.4435

>> reshape(X,4,3)

ans = %注意观察是从X的每一列开始取
    0.5519    0.3848    0.4106
    0.4038    0.0614    0.9010
    0.7501    0.2137    0.0563
    0.4872    0.5439    0.4435

>> reshape(X,6,2)

ans =
    0.5519    0.2137
    0.4038    0.5439
    0.7501    0.4106
    0.4872    0.9010
    0.3848    0.0563
    0.0614    0.4435

>> reshape(X,2,6)

ans =
    0.5519    0.7501    0.3848    0.2137    0.4106    0.0563
    0.4038    0.4872    0.0614    0.5439    0.9010    0.4435

当然，矩阵X也可以用其他形式的矩阵来代替。

>> reshape(1:15,5,3)

ans =
     1     6    11
     2     7    12
     3     8    13
     4     9    14
     5    10    15

>> reshape(1:2:16,2,4)

ans =

     1     5     9    13
     3     7    11    15

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/tolic/p/7142206.html