java实现web服务器_简单实现Java web服务器

一个简单的Java web服务器实现，比较简单，基于java.net.Socket和java.net.ServerSocket实现；

一、程序执行步骤 1.创建一个ServerSocket对象；

2.调用ServerSocket对象的accept方法，等待连接，连接成功会返回一个Socket对象，否则一直阻塞等待；

3.从Socket对象中获取InputStream和OutputStream字节流，这两个流分别对应request请求和response响应；

4.处理请求：读取InputStream字节流信息，转成字符串形式，并解析，这里的解析比较简单，仅仅获取uri(统一资源标识符)信息;

5.处理响应：根据解析出来的uri信息，从WEB_ROOT目录中寻找请求的资源资源文件, 读取资源文件，并将其写入到OutputStream字节流中；

6.关闭Socket对象；

7.转到步骤2，继续等待连接请求；

二、代码实现

服务器实现：

package ex01.pyrmont;

import java.net.Socket;

import java.net.ServerSocket;

import java.net.InetAddress;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.OutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.File;

public class HttpServer {

/**

* WEB_ROOT是HTML和其它文件存放的目录. 这里的WEB_ROOT为工作目录下的webroot目录

*/

public static final String WEB_ROOT = System.getProperty("user.dir") + File.separator + "webroot";

// 关闭服务命令

private static final String SHUTDOWN_COMMAND = "/SHUTDOWN";

public static void main(String[] args) {

HttpServer server = new HttpServer();

//等待连接请求

server.await();

}

public void await() {

ServerSocket serverSocket = null;

int port = 8080;

try {

//服务器套接字对象

serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port, 1, InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"));

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

System.exit(1);

}

// 循环等待一个请求

while (true) {

Socket socket = null;

InputStream input = null;

OutputStream output = null;

try {

//等待连接，连接成功后，返回一个Socket对象

socket = serverSocket.accept();

input = socket.getInputStream();

output = socket.getOutputStream();

// 创建Request对象并解析

Request request = new Request(input);

request.parse();

// 检查是否是关闭服务命令

if (request.getUri().equals(SHUTDOWN_COMMAND)) {

break;

}

// 创建 Response 对象

Response response = new Response(output);

response.setRequest(request);

response.sendStaticResource();

// 关闭 socket 对象

socket.close();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

continue;

}

}

}

}

Request类：

package ex01.pyrmont;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

public class Request {

private InputStream input;

private String uri;

public Request(InputStream input) {

this.input = input;

}

//从InputStream中读取request信息，并从request中获取uri值

public void parse() {

StringBuffer request = new StringBuffer(2048);

int i;

byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];

try {

i = input.read(buffer);

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

i = -1;

}

for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {

request.append((char) buffer[j]);

}

System.out.print(request.toString());

uri = parseUri(request.toString());

}

/**

*

* requestString形式如下：

* GET /index.html HTTP/1.1

* Host: localhost:8080

* Connection: keep-alive

* Cache-Control: max-age=0

* ...

* 该函数目的就是为了获取/index.html字符串

*/

private String parseUri(String requestString) {

int index1, index2;

index1 = requestString.indexOf(' ');

if (index1 != -1) {

index2 = requestString.indexOf(' ', index1 + 1);

if (index2 > index1)

return requestString.substring(index1 + 1, index2);

}

return null;

}

public String getUri() {

return uri;

}

}

Response类：

package ex01.pyrmont;

import java.io.OutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.File;

/*

HTTP Response = Status-Line

*(( general-header | response-header | entity-header ) CRLF)

CRLF

[ message-body ]

Status-Line = HTTP-Version SP Status-Code SP Reason-Phrase CRLF

*/

public class Response {

private static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;

Request request;

OutputStream output;

public Response(OutputStream output) {

this.output = output;

}

public void setRequest(Request request) {

this.request = request;

}

public void sendStaticResource() throws IOException {

byte[] bytes = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];

FileInputStream fis = null;

try {

//将web文件写入到OutputStream字节流中

File file = new File(HttpServer.WEB_ROOT, request.getUri());

if (file.exists()) {

fis = new FileInputStream(file);

int ch = fis.read(bytes, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);

while (ch != -1) {

output.write(bytes, 0, ch);

ch = fis.read(bytes, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);

}

} else {

// file not found

String errorMessage = "HTTP/1.1 404 File Not Found\r\n" + "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"

+ "Content-Length: 23\r\n" + "\r\n" + "

File Not Found

";

output.write(errorMessage.getBytes());

}

} catch (Exception e) {

// thrown if cannot instantiate a File object

System.out.println(e.toString());

} finally {

if (fis != null)

fis.close();

}

}

}

三、结果测试

访问存在的资源文件(注意存放在工程目录的webroot文件夹里)：

访问不存在的资源文件：

关闭服务器：

参考资料：《深入剖析Tomcat》

@author   风一样的码农

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