C#: ? ?? => {}

1. ? – Nullable<T>

 

1	[SerializableAttribute]

2	public struct Nullable<T> where T : struct, new()

C#里像int, bool, double这样的struct和enum类型都不能为null。如果确实想在值域上加上null的话，Nullable就派上用场了。T?是Nullable&ly;T>的语法糖。要将T?转为T可以通过类型转换，或者通过T?的Value属性，当然后者要高雅些。

 

1	// Nullable<int> arg = -1;

2	int? arg = -1;

3	if (arg.HasValue) {

4	// int value = (int)arg;

5	int value = arg.Value;

6

}

 

2. ?? – operator ??

o ?? v可以看作是o == null ? v : o的语法糖。??运算符在左操作数非null时返回左操作数，否则返回右操作数。

 

1	string result = gao();

2	Console.WriteLine(result ?? "<NULL>");

 

3. => – lambda expression

看别人代码的过程中才发现原来C#也有lambda了，也才发现自己真的out了。当然，感觉C#里的lambda并没有带来什么革命性的变化，更像是一个语法糖。毕竟这不是Scale，MS也有F#了。

 

1	Func<double, double, double> hypot = (x, y) => Math.Sqrt(x * x + y * y);

2	Func<double, double, string> gao = (x, y) =>

3

{

4	double z = hypot(x, y);

5	return String.Format("{0} ^ 2 + {1} ^ 2 = {2} ^ 2", x, y, z);

6

};

7	Console.WriteLine(gao(3, 4));

 

4. {} – initializer

collection initializer使得初始化一个List, Dictionary变得简单。

 

1	List<string> list = new List<string>{"watashi", "rejudge"};

2	Dictionary<string, string> dic = new Dictionary<string, string>

3

{

4	{"watashi", "watashi wa watashi"},

5	{"rejudge", "-rejudge -pia2dea4"}

6

};

而object initializer其实就是调用完成构造后执行属性操作的语法糖，它使得代码更加简洁，段落有致。试比较：

 

 

1	Sequence activity = new Sequence()

2

{

3	DisplayName = "Root",

4	Activities =

5

{

6

new If()

7

{

8	Condition = true,

9	Else = new DoWhile()

10

{

11	Condition = false

12

}

13

},

14	new WriteLine()

15

{

16	DisplayName = "Hello",

17	Text = "Hello, World!"

18

}

19

}

20

};

 

1	Sequence activity2 = new Sequence();

2	activity2.DisplayName = "Root";

3

4	If if2 = new If();

5	if2.Condition = true;

6	DoWhile doWhile2 = new DoWhile();

7	doWhile2.Condition = false;

8	if2.Else = doWhile2;

9	activity2.Activities.Add(if2);

10

11	WriteLine writeLine2 = new WriteLine();

12	writeLine2.DisplayName = "Hello";

13	writeLine2.Text = "Hello, World!";

14	activity2.Activities.Add(writeLine2);

 

5. { get; set; } – auto-implemented properties

又是一个方便的语法糖，只要简单的一句

 

1	public string Caption { get; set; }

就可以代替原来的一大段代码。

 

1	private string caption;

2	public string Caption

3

{

4

get

5

{

6	return caption;

7

}

8

set

9

{

10	caption = value;

11

}

12

}

 

6. var –  implicit type

var并不是代表任意类型，毕竟C#是个强类型的语言。var只是个在声明变量时代替实际的类型名的语法糖，只能使用在编译器能根据上下文推出其实际类型的地方。这在类型名称藏在好几层namespace或class里的时候，还有在foreach语句中非常有用。

 

1	foreach (var a in dict)

2

{

3	Console.WriteLine("{0} => {1}", a.Key, a.Value);

4

}

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/greatandforever/p/3586124.html