转自 http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_6b839701010118hg.html
今天学习Python类的类变量时,遇到下面的错误.
class Person:
population = 0
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
print '(Initializeing %s)' % self.name
Person.population += 1
def __del__(self):
print '%s says bye.' % self.name
self.__class__.population -= 1
if self.__class__.population == 0:
print 'I am the last one'
else:
print 'There are still %d people left.' % self.__class__.population
def sayHello(self):
if Person.population == 1:
print 'I am the only person here.'
else:
print 'We have %d persons here.' % Person.population
def howMany(self):
if Person.population == 1:
print 'I am the only person here.'
else:
print 'We have %d persons here.' % Person.population
p1 = Person('person1')
p1.sayHello()
xp = Person('xp')
xp.sayHello()
xp.howMany()
出现如下错误:
Exception AttributeError: "'NoneType' object has no attribute 'population'" in <bound method Person.__del__ of <__main__.Person instance at 0xb734040c>> ignored
xp says bye.
Exception AttributeError: "'NoneType' object has no attribute 'population'" in <bound method Person.__del__ of <__main__.Person instance at 0xb73403ec>> ignored
debian72:~/dw/pythonTest# Exception AttributeError: "'NoneType' object has no attribute 'population'" in <bound method Person.__del__ of <__main__.Person instance at 0xb734040c
原因如下:
At interpreter shutdown, the module's global variables are set to None before the module itself is released.
__del__ methods may be called in those precaries circumstances, and should not rely on any global state.
将__del__方法中对类变量的访问方式改为如下即可:
def __del__(self):
self.__class__.population -= 1