linux php,linux如何安装php

本文我们主要和大家分享linux如何安装php，本文以图文的形式和大家分享，希望能帮助到大家。

1.从php官网下载相应的版本

因为php下载页面只有最近的几个版本，下载比较老的版本在下载页面已经找不到了，只能手动通过下面的url来下载，

http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-5.3.9.tar.bz2，此页面里会列出一些老的版本，此处使用的是5.3版本，下载的是gz格式的

2.安装php

将tar包解压，进入解压包目录-执行命令：./configure --prefix=/opt/local/php ，“/opt/local/php”是安装路径，可以改成自己希望的安装路径。

(1)此处可能会提示缺少一些必须的插件，此时利用yum命令进行安装，比如最可能报的错误：configure error xml2-config not found. please check your libxml2 installation，此时执行命令：yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel，安装相应插件，以此类推

所有插件安装完成后，再次执行./configure --prefix=/opt/local/php

(2)此处如果是要安装php-fpm的功能的话需要yum安装更多插件，例如：

yum -y install openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel curl curl-devel readline-devel fcgi php-mcrypt libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel

其中安装php-mcrypt

libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel时可能会提示找不到包，这时要通过更新源解决，具体命令如下：

yum -y install epel-release

yum update

其中，update执行了两次才成功，之后再执行configure

./configure --prefix=/opt/local/php5.3.29 --with-config-file-path=/etc --enable-inline-optimization --disable-debug --disable-rpath --enable-shared --enable-opcache --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-gettext --enable-mbstring --with-iconv --with-mcrypt --with-mhash --with-openssl --enable-bcmath --enable-soap --with-libxml-dir --enable-pcntl --enable-shmop --enable-sysvmsg --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-sockets --with-curl --with-zlib --enable-zip --with-bz2 --with-readline --without-sqlite3 --without-pdo-sqlite --with-pear

通过后执行make

此时可能会出现以下提示

PEAR package PHP_Archive not installed: generated phar will require PHP's phar extension be enabled.

此处可暂进忽略，等之后再行安装，再次在php目录执行make all install

如果安装了php-fpm，则还需要执行以下命令，将php/etc目录下的配置文件拷贝一份cp etc/php-fpm.conf.default etc/php-fpm.conf

将php/lib/php.ini拷贝到/etc/下

3.初装phar

这时可以执行wget http://pear.php.net/go-pear.phar

之后再执行/opt/local/php/bin/php /opt/local/go-pear.phar

在出现的提示后，选1，选择phar安装目录，然后一路回车进行安装即可

最后制作php软链，让php全局可用ln -s /opt/local/php/bin/php /usr/bin/php

4.验证

执行php -v和sbin/php-fpm -v查看php版本以验证php是否已安装

5.启动php-fpmphp/sbin/php-fpm

INT, TERM 立刻终止

QUIT 平滑终止

USR1 重新打开日志文件

USR2 平滑重载所有worker进程并重新载入配置和二进制模块

示例：

php-fpm 关闭：

kill -INT `cat /opt/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`

php-fpm 重启：

kill -USR2 `cat /opt/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`

如果找不到php-fpm.pid文件，可通过查找php-fpm进程号进行重启和关闭

例如[root@SH-DEV local]# ps -aux|grep php-fpm

root 141735 0.0 0.0 201840 3892 ?

Ss 16:27 0:00 php-fpm: master process (/opt/local/php5.3.29/etc/php-fpm.conf)

kill -USR2 141735

6.修改php-fpm配置

(1)如果在nginx.conf中使用了fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock，则需要修改php-fpm.conf，找到如下码段：; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests.

; Valid syntaxes are:

; 'ip.add.re.ss:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific address on

; a specific port;

; 'port' - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses on a

; specific port;

; '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.

; Note: This value is mandatory.

;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000

listen = /tmp/php-cgi.sock

; Set listen(2) backlog. A value of '-1' means unlimited.

; Default Value: 128 (-1 on FreeBSD and OpenBSD)

;listen.backlog = -1

; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write

; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many

; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.

; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user

; mode is set to 0660

listen.owner = nobody

listen.group = nobody

listen.mode = 0660

将原listen和listen.owner，listen.group段做如上修改，其中listen.owner，listen.group为nginx启动用户名，如此处不修改，会提示

nginx error connect to php-fpm.sock failed (13: Permission denied)

当然此处如果将sock放在内存中/dev/shm/php-fpm.sock会更快

(2)修改php-fpm线程数; Per pool prefix

; It only applies on the following directives:

; - 'slowlog'

; - 'listen' (unixsocket)

; - 'chroot'

; - 'chdir'

; - 'php_values'

; - 'php_admin_values'

; dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the

; following directives. With this process management, there will be

; always at least 1 children.

; pm.max_children - the maximum number of children that can

; be alive at the same time.

; pm.start_servers - the number of children created on startup.

; pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle'

; state (waiting to process). If the number

; of 'idle' processes is less than this

; number then some children will be created.

; pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle'

; state (waiting to process). If the number

; of 'idle' processes is greater than this

; number then some children will be killed.

; ondemand - no children are created at startup. Children will be forked when

; new requests will connect. The following parameter are used:

; pm.max_children - the maximum number of children that

; can be alive at the same time.

; pm.process_idle_timeout - The number of seconds after which

; an idle process will be killed.

; Note: This value is mandatory.

pm = dynamic

#如何控制子进程，选项有static和dynamic。如果选择static，则由pm.max_children指定固定的子进程数。如果选择dynamic，则由下面的参数决定

; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the

; maximum number of child processes when pm is set to 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'.

; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be

; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.

; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP

; CGI. The below defaults are based on a server without much resources. Don't

; forget to tweak pm.* to fit your needs.

; Note: Used when pm is set to 'static', 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'

; Note: This value is mandatory.

pm.max_children = 8

#子进程最大数

; The number of child processes created on startup.

; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'

; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2

pm.start_servers = 8

#启动时的进程数

; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.

; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'

; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'

pm.min_spare_servers = 1

#保证空闲进程数最小值，如果空闲进程小于此值，则创建新的子进程

; The desired maximum number of idle server processes.

; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'

; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'

pm.max_spare_servers = 8

#保证空闲进程数最大值，如果空闲进程大于此值，此进行清理

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