>>> importarray#定义了一种序列数据结构>>>help(array)#创建数组,相当于初始化一个数组,如:d={},k=[]等等
array(typecode [, initializer])--create a new array
#a=array.array('c'),决定着下面操作的是字符,并是单个字符
#a=array.array('i'),决定着下面操作的是整数
|Attributes:|
| typecode --the typecode character used to create the array| itemsize -- the length inbytes of one array item|
|Methods defined here:
|•append(...)|append(x)| #向array数组添加一个数值value
|Append new value x to the end of the array.
>>> a=array.array('i')#整数,b与i类似
>>> a.append(8)
>>> a.append(81)
>>> a
array('i', [8, 81])#构成list
>>> a=array.array('c')#单个字符
>>> a.append('g')
>>> a.append('g')
>>> a
array('c', 'gg')#单个字符连接
>>> a=array.array('u')#Unicode character,意味着下面将要输入的是unicode字符串.
>>> a.append(u'x')#不要漏掉u
>>> a.append(u'x')
>>> a
array('u', u'xx')
|
|•buffer_info(...)| buffer_info() ->(address, length)#当前内存地址和数组长度
#返回一个元组(地址,长度),给出了当前的内存地址和用于存储数组内容的缓冲区的长度
>>> a.buffer_info()
(19225728, 7)
| Return a tuple (address, length) giving the current memory address and
| the length in items of the buffer used to hold array's contents
|The length should be multiplied by the itemsize attribute to calculate| the buffer length inbytes.|
|byteswap(...)|byteswap()|
| Byteswap all items of the array. If the items in the array are not 1, 2,| 4, or 8 bytes in size, RuntimeError israised.|
|•count(...)|count(x) #统计array数组中某个元素(x)的个数.
>>> a
array('i', [9, 2, 9, 4, 10, 10, 10])
>>> a.count(10)
3
>>> a.count(9)
2
| Return number of occurrences of x inthe array.|
|•extend(...)| extend(array oriterable) #参数接受 数组和可迭代对象
>>> a
array('i', [9, 2, 9, 4, 10, 10, 10])
>>> a.extend([3,5])
>>> a
array('i', [9, 2, 9, 4, 10, 10, 10, 3, 5])
#如果添加整数会出现什么错误?
>>> a.extend(10)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
a.extend(10)
TypeError: 'int' object is not iterable #int不是可迭代对象
|Append items to the end of the array.#在末尾添加数组或可迭代对象|
|fromfile(...)|fromfile(f, n)|
| Read n objects from the file object f andappend them to the end of the|array. Also called as read.|
|fromlist(...)|fromlist(list)|
| Append items to array fromlist.|
|fromstring(...)|fromstring(string)|
| Appends items fromthe string, interpreting it as an array of machine| values,as if it had been read froma file using the fromfile() method).|
|fromunicode(...)|fromunicode(ustr)|
| Extends this array with data fromthe unicode string ustr.| The array must be a type 'u'array; otherwise a ValueError| israised. Use array.fromstring(ustr.decode(...)) to|append Unicode data to an array of some other type.|
|index(...)|index(x)|
| Return index of first occurrence of x inthe array.|
|•insert(...)|insert(i,x) #在i的位置插入一个新的item在array中|
|Insert a new item x into the array before position i.|
|•pop(...)|pop([i])
>>> a=array.array('i')
>>> a.append(2)
>>> a.append(9)
>>> a.append(3)
>>> a
array('i', [2, 9, 3])
>>> a.pop()#默认删除索引为-1的元素,最后一个元素,如果传参数则按参数索引来删除元素.
3
>>> a
array('i', [2, 9])
| Return the i-th element and delete it from the array. i defaults to -1.|
|read(...)|fromfile(f, n)|
| Read n objects from the file object f andappend them to the end of the|array. Also called as read.|
|•remove(...)|remove(x)#删除指定元素,x为需要删除的元素.
| Remove the first occurrence of x inthe array.|
|reverse(...)|reverse()|
| Reverse the order of the items inthe array.|
|tofile(...)|tofile(f)|
|Write all items (as machine values) to the file object f. Also called as|write.|
|•tolist(...)| tolist() ->list
a=array('i', [9, 2, 9, 4, 10, 10, 10, 3, 5])
>>> a.list()
a.list()
AttributeError: 'array.array' object has no attribute 'list'#array.array没有list属性
>>> a.tolist()
[9, 2, 9, 4, 10, 10, 10, 3, 5]
|Convert array to an ordinary list with the same items.|
|•tostring(...)| tostring() ->string
array('i', [9, 2, 9, 4])
>>> a.tostring() #转化为string
'\t\x00\x00\x00\x02\x00\x00\x00\t\x00\x00\x00\x04\x00\x00\x00'
|•tounicode(...)| tounicode() ->unicode #将unicode的array数组,转化为unicode string字符串。
>>> a=array.array('u')
>>> a.append(u'xiaodeng')
a.append(u'xiaodeng')
TypeError: array item must be unicode character
>>> a.append(u'x')
>>> a.append(u'i')
>>> a.tounicode()
u'xi'
|
|write(...)|tofile(f)|
|Write all items (as machine values) to the file object f. Also called as|write.|
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------
|Data descriptors defined here:|
|itemsize| the size, inbytes, of one array item|
|typecode|the typecode character used to create the array|
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Type code C Type Minimum size in bytes#最小字节大小
'c' character (字符,单个字符) 1
'b' signed integer 1
'B' unsigned integer 1
'u' Unicode character 2
'h' signed integer 2
'H' unsigned integer 2
'i' signed integer 2
'I' unsigned integer 2
'l' signed integer 4
'L' unsigned integer 4
'f' floating point 4
'd' floating point 8