linux ip 联网命令,Linux之ip命令(示例代码)

ip命令是route2的一个网络配置工具,用于取代ifconfig,route等命令。此命令只是临时添加,重启网卡IP丢失。

常用参数

link:常用于查看网看属性

addr:用于配置/删除多IP

route:用于配置路由信息

rule:用于查看路由表

命令详解:

ip link:主要用于查看网卡属性,或者开启,关闭网卡

show

set

例:show

[[email protected] ~]# ip link show #####查看所有网卡的硬件属性,不包括IP地址

1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:01:bf:a0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

3: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:01:bf:aa brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

[[email protected] ~]# ip link show eth0 ########查看某一块网卡信息

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:01:bf:a0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

[[email protected] ~]# ip -s link show eth1    ######  -s  参数查看统计信息

3: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:01:bf:aa brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

RX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped overrun mcast

2085187    28951    0       0       0       0

TX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped carrier collsns

5161       35       0       0       0       0

例:set

# ip link set eth1 up|down        ####关闭或开始某个网卡

ip addr:用于管理多IP

add  增加一个IP

del  删除IP

show  显示IP

flush  清空IP

例:

[[email protected] ~]# ip addr add 10.1.8.16/8 dev eth1  ###eth1增加IP,并没有使用别名

1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:01:bf:a0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 172.16.16.173/24 brd 172.16.16.255 scope global eth0

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe01:bfa0/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

3: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:01:bf:aa brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.7.173/24 brd 192.168.7.255 scope global eth1

inet 10.1.8.16/8 scope global eth1   注:ifconfig看不到

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe01:bfaa/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[[email protected] ~]# ip addr add 192.168.29.10/24 dev eth1 label eth1:1

用label关键字增加子卡

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:01:BF:A0

inet addr:172.16.16.173  Bcast:172.16.16.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe01:bfa0/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

RX packets:27735 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:549 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:1978580 (1.8 MiB)  TX bytes:67070 (65.4 KiB)

eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:01:BF:AA

inet addr:192.168.7.173  Bcast:192.168.7.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe01:bfaa/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

RX packets:31549 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:35 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:2277774 (2.1 MiB)  TX bytes:5161 (5.0 KiB)

eth1:1   Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:01:BF:AA

inet addr:192.168.29.10 Bcast:0.0.0.0  Mask:255.255.255.0

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0

inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1

RX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:960 (960.0 b)  TX bytes:960 (960.0 b)

[[email protected] ~]# ip addr del 192.168.29.10/24 dev eth1:1   ###删除eth1:1

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:01:BF:A0

inet addr:172.16.16.173  Bcast:172.16.16.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe01:bfa0/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

RX packets:29138 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:627 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:2083498 (1.9 MiB)  TX bytes:76506 (74.7 KiB)

eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:01:BF:AA

inet addr:192.168.7.173  Bcast:192.168.7.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe01:bfaa/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

RX packets:32839 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:35 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:2372722 (2.2 MiB)  TX bytes:5161 (5.0 KiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0

inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1

RX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:960 (960.0 b)  TX bytes:960 (960.0 b)

[[email protected] ~]# ip addr del 10.1.8.16/8 dev eth1  ####删除IP

[[email protected] ~]# ip addr show

1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:01:bf:a0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 172.16.16.173/24 brd 172.16.16.255 scope global eth0

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe01:bfa0/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

3: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:01:bf:aa brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 192.168.7.173/24 brd 192.168.7.255 scope global eth1

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe01:bfaa/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

ip route

show:显示路由

add:增加路由

del:删除路由

[[email protected] ~]# ip route show  查看路由

192.168.7.0/24 dev eth1  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.7.173

172.16.16.0/24 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 172.16.16.173

169.254.0.0/16 dev eth0  scope link  metric 1002

10.0.0.0/8 dev eth1  proto kernel  scope link  src 10.1.5.10

[[email protected] ~]# route -n    查看路由

Kernel IP routing table

Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface

192.168.7.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth1

172.16.16.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0

169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1002   0        0 eth0

10.0.0.0        0.0.0.0         255.0.0.0       U     0      0        0 eth1

[[email protected] ~]# ip route add 10.0.8.0/24 via 192.168.7.1

等价于: ip route add 10.0.8.0/24 dev eth1

[[email protected] ~]# ip route show

192.168.7.0/24 dev eth1  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.7.173

172.16.16.0/24 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 172.16.16.173

10.0.8.0/24 via 192.168.7.1 dev eth1

169.254.0.0/16 dev eth0  scope link  metric 1002

[[email protected] ~]# ip route del 10.0.8.0/24

[[email protected] ~]# ip route show   ########删除路由

192.168.7.0/24 dev eth1  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.7.173

172.16.16.0/24 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 172.16.16.173

169.254.0.0/16 dev eth0  scope link  metric 1002

ip rule:查看默认路由,策略路由,本地路由

show|list

[[email protected] ~]# ip rule show

0:from all lookuplocal

32766:from all lookup main

32767:from all lookup default

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