Linux中设置的IPv6地址有两种类型,一种是Scope:Global,另一种为Scope:Link
。后者是有MAC地址通过一定的格式转换出来的全球唯一的本地链路地址。
~ # ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 1C:C3:16:63:B1:72
inet addr:192.168.9.51 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.252.0
inet6 addr: 2001:f80:754::152/64 Scope:Global
inet6 addr: fe80::1ec3:16ff:fe63:b172/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:7131257 errors:0 dropped:823 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2902060 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:3880346601 (3.6 GiB) TX bytes:1387657987 (1.2 GiB)
Interrupt:55
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 1C:C3:16:63:B1:73
inet addr:192.168.10.200 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::1ec3:16ff:fe63:b173/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:2111508 errors:0 dropped:1068 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:103 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:160857475 (153.4 MiB) TX bytes:19518 (19.0 KiB)
Interrupt:55 Base address:0x4000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:1294 (1.2 KiB) TX bytes:1294 (1.2 KiB)
项目中需要连接到对方的物理IPv6地址,但是在实际使用中发现两个问题,1、不能直接ping通。2、ping通了但是connect不上。这是因为,Scope:Link地址必须绑定网卡。
root@IT-PC-135:/home/# ping6 fe80::1ec3:16ff:fe21:44bf
ping: unknown host fe80::1ec3:16ff:fe21:44bf
root@IT-PC-135:/home/# ping6 -I eth0 fe80::1ec3:16ff:fe21:44bf
PING fe80::1ec3:16ff:fe21:44bf(fe80::1ec3:16ff:fe21:44bf) from fe80::922b:34ff:fe4e:70f4 eth0: 56 data bytes
64 bytes from fe80::1ec3:16ff:fe21:44bf: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.85 ms
64 bytes from fe80::1ec3:16ff:fe21:44bf: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.868 ms
64 bytes from fe80::1ec3:16ff:fe21:44bf: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.45 ms
实际代码中的解决办法呢?同理,需要再connect之前绑定网卡,具体实现代码为:
setsockopt(sk, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDTODEVICE, "eth0", sizeof("eth0"));
但是这里就出现了一个问题,如果是双网卡要绑定eth0呢还是eth1呢?哈哈,这里还没有想到好的办法,暂时就是遍历绑定网卡。