java jdk api hashmap_JDK8: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Duplicate key 3

异常

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Duplicate key 3

at java.util.stream.Collectors.lambda$throwingMerger$0(Collectors.java:133)

at java.util.HashMap.merge(HashMap.java:1253)

at java.util.stream.Collectors.lambda$toMap$58(Collectors.java:1320)

at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$3ReducingSink.accept(ReduceOps.java:169)

at java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1374)

at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:481)

at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471)

at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceOp.evaluateSequential(ReduceOps.java:708)

at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)

at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.collect(ReferencePipeline.java:499)

at com.eliteams.quick4j.test.jdk8.MapDuplicateKeyTest.mapkey(MapDuplicateKeyTest.java:30)

at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)

at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)

at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)

at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)

at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)

at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)

at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)

at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)

at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)

at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)

at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)

at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)

at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)

at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)

at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)

at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)

at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)

at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)

at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)

at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)

at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:678)

at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)

at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)

测试代码

/** *@author Administrator * */

public class MapDuplicateKeyTest {

@Test

public void mapkey() {

List list = new ArrayList<>();

list.add(new Entity("20170728120", 1));

list.add(new Entity("20170728119", 3));

list.add(new Entity("20170728119", 2));

Map map = list.stream().collect(

Collectors.toMap(Entity::getKey, Entity::getValue));

map.entrySet().stream().forEach(e -> System.out.println(e.getValue()));

}

}

问题分析

从异常可以看出，是在调用Collectors.toMap时出错，查看toMap的API：

toMap

public static Collector> toMap(Function super T,? extends K> keyMapper,

Function super T,? extends U> valueMapper)

Returns a Collector that accumulates elements into a Map whose keys and values are the result of applying the provided mapping functions to the input elements.

If the mapped keys contains duplicates (according to Object.equals(Object)), an IllegalStateException is thrown when the collection operation is performed. If the mapped keys may have duplicates, use toMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator) instead.

API Note:

It is common for either the key or the value to be the input elements. In this case, the utility method Function.identity() may be helpful. For example, the following produces a Map mapping students to their grade point average:

Map studentToGPA students.stream() .collect(toMap(Functions.identity(), student -> computeGPA(student)));

And the following produces a Map mapping a unique identifier to students:

Map studentIdToStudent

students.stream().collect(toMap(Student::getId, Functions.identity());

其中加粗的地方说明，如果在最后生成map的时候，mapped到的keys中如果包含重复的键(通过key类型的equals方法来判断)，则会抛出异常IllegalStateException。但是，后面也提到，如果keys中包含有相同的键，则可以使用toMap(Function, Function, BinaryOperator)方法来替代。

public static Collector> toMap(Function super T,? extends K> keyMapper,

Function super T,? extends U> valueMapper,

BinaryOperator mergeFunction)

其中，新增加的参数就是来处理相同key时如何生成对应的value。示例如下：

Map phoneBook people.stream()

.collect(toMap(Person::getName, Person::getAddress, (s, a) ->s + ", " + a));

如果出现相同的人名，则将他们的地址字符合并起来；

结论

使用含有mergeFunction参数的函数，本示例修改方案，当出现相同key，则value相加，如：

public class MapDuplicateKeyTest {

@Test

public void mapkey() {

List list = new ArrayList<>();

list.add(new Entity("20170728120", 1));

list.add(new Entity("20170728119", 3));

list.add(new Entity("20170728119", 2));

Map map = list.stream().collect(

Collectors.toMap(Entity::getKey, Entity::getValue, (s, a) ->s + a));

map.entrySet().stream().forEach(e ->System.out.println(e.getKey() + " = " + e.getValue()));

}

}

结果：

20170728119 = 5

20170728120 = 1