本文实例讲述了Python Scrapy框架:通用爬虫之CrawlSpider用法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
步骤01: 创建爬虫项目
scrapy startproject quotes
步骤02: 创建爬虫模版
scrapy genspider -t quotes quotes.toscrape.com
步骤03: 配置爬虫文件quotes.py
import scrapy
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
class Quotes(CrawlSpider):
# 爬虫名称
name = "get_quotes"
allow_domain = ["quotes.toscrape.com"]
start_urls = ["http://quotes.toscrape.com/"]
# 设定规则
rules = (
# 对于quotes内容页URL,调用parse_quotes处理,
# 并以此规则跟进获取的链接
Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r"/page/d+"), callback="parse_quotes", follow=True),
# 对于author内容页URL,调用parse_author处理,提取数据
Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r"/author/w+"), callback="parse_author")
)
# 提取内容页数据方法
def parse_quotes(self, response):
for quote in response.css(".quote"):
yield {"content": quote.css(".text::text").extract_first(),
"author": quote.css(".author::text").extract_first(),
"tags": quote.css(".tag::text").extract()
}
# 获取作者数据方法
def parse_author(self, response):
name = response.css(".author-title::text").extract_first()
author_born_date = response.css(".author-born-date::text").extract_first()
author_bron_location = response.css(".author-born-location::text").extract_first()
author_description = response.css(".author-description::text").extract_first()
return ({"name": name,
"author_bron_date": author_born_date,
"author_bron_location": author_bron_location,
"author_description": author_description
})
步骤04: 运行爬虫
scrapy crawl quotes
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希望本文所述对大家基于Scrapy框架的Python程序设计有所帮助。