c语言结构体作为形参是否加struct_C语言 结构体作为参数和返回值使用

https://www.cnblogs.com/shuqingstudy/p/7226413.html

方案一：结构体变量作为参数，进行传值。

编译器需要拷贝，不影响origin value，使用成员操作符(.)直接访问

/**********************************************************************

* 版权所有 (C)2017, Wang maochun。

*

* 文件名称：travel.cpp

* 文件标识：无

* 内容摘要：主要演示结构体作为参数以及返回值

* 其它说明："传值”

* 当前版本：V1.0

* 作 者：Wang maochun

* 完成日期：2017.7.23

*

**********************************************************************/

#include

struct travel_time

{

int hours;

int mins;

};

const int Mins_per_hr = 60;

travel_time sum(travel_time t1,travel_time t2);

void show_time(travel_time t);

int main()

{

using namespace std;

travel_time day1 = {5,45}; //5 hours 45 minutes

travel_time day2 = {4,55}; //4 housr 55 minutes

travel_time trip = sum(day1,day2);

cout << "Two-day total:";

show_time(trip);

travel_time day3 = {4,32};

cout << "Three-day total:";

show_time(sum(trip,day3));

return 0;

}

travel_time sum(travel_time t1,travel_time t2)

{

travel_time total;

total.mins = (t1.mins + t2.mins) % Mins_per_hr;

total.hours = (t1.hours + t2.hours) + (t1.mins + t2.mins) / Mins_per_hr;

return total;

}

void show_time(travel_time t)

{

using namespace std;

cout << t.hours << "hours,"

<< t.mins << "minutes\n";

}

运行结果：

方案二：结构体指针作为参数，传地址。

编译器不需要拷贝，和main函数采用相同地址。为了不影响origin value，使用const修饰

使用指针指向结构体操作符(->)间接访问

/**********************************************************************

* 版权所有 (C)2017, Wang maochun。

*

* 文件名称：travel.cpp

* 文件标识：无

* 内容摘要：主要演示结构体作为参数以及返回值

* 其它说明："传地址”

* 当前版本：V1.0

* 作 者：Wang maochun

* 完成日期：2017.7.23

*

**********************************************************************/

#include

struct travel_time

{

int hours;

int mins;

};

const int Mins_per_hr = 60;

travel_time sum(travel_time* t1,travel_time* t2);

void show_time(travel_time* t);

int main()

{

using namespace std;

travel_time day1 = {5,45}; //5 hours 45 minutes

travel_time day2 = {4,55}; //4 housr 55 minutes

travel_time trip = sum(&day1,&day2);

cout << "Two-day total:";

show_time(&trip);

travel_time day3 = {4,32};

cout << "Three-day total:";

travel_time trip1 =sum(&trip,&day3);

show_time(&(trip1));

return 0;

}

travel_time sum(travel_time* t1,travel_time* t2)

{

travel_time total;

total.mins = (t1->mins + t2->mins) % Mins_per_hr;

total.hours = (t1->hours + t2->hours) + (t1->mins + t2->mins) / Mins_per_hr;

return total;

}

void show_time(travel_time* t)

{

using namespace std;

cout << t->hours << "hours,"

<< t->mins << "minutes\n";

}

结果和方案一相同。

出现的错误：

show_time(&(sum(&day1,&day2)));这样写时，出现taking address of temporary fpermissive错误。

原因是：

Your middle result which is a temporary variable since it will disappear

If you assign the result of sum(&day1,&day2) to a variable then it will no longer be a temporary and you can then take the address of it.

因此，不能对未赋值的临时变量取地址