使用独立mysql_安装Hive(独立模式 使用mysql连接)

安装Hive(独立模式 使用mysql连接)

1.默认安装了java+hadoop

2.下载对应hadoop版本的安装包

3.解压安装包

tar zxvf apache-hive-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz

4.安装mysql

yum -y install mysql-server mysql mysqldev //需要以root身份运行 另外可能需要配置yum源

mysql常用命令:

service mysqld start/stop

chkconfig mysqld on //加入开机启动 以系统root用户操作

5.授权mysql(以系统hadoop身份 数据库root身份进行操作)

mysqladmin -u root password "root" //修改root密码为root

mysql -uroot -p密码 (初始密码为空)

create user ‘hive‘ identified by ‘hive‘; //创建用于连接的hive用户 密码为hive

grant all privileges on *.* to ‘hive‘@‘%‘ identified by "hive" with grant option;

flush privileges; //刷新权限

grant all privileges on *.* to ‘hive‘@‘localhost‘ identified by "hive" with grant option;

flush privileges; //刷新权限

grant all privileges on *.* to ‘hive‘@‘hadoop.master‘ identified by "hive" with grant option;

flush privileges; //刷新权限

set global binlog_format=‘MIXED‘; //设置格式 必须执行。不然报错

exit;

service mysqld restart //重启服务

6.测试连接

mysql -hhadoop.master -uhive -phive //能进去则表示设置成功

create database hive; //创建连接数据库hive

alter database hive character set latin1;

7.配置环境变量(/etc/profile)

#hive

export HIVE_HOME=/opt/hive-1.2.1

export HIVE_AUX_JARS_PATH=/opt/hive-1.2.1/lib

export HIVE_CONF_DIR=/opt/hive-1.2.1/conf

export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin

export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$HIVE_HOME/lib

保存退出

source /etc/profile

8.修改配置文件

1.根据模版复制配置文件

cp hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xml

cp hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh

cp hive-log4j.properties.template hive-log4j.properties

2.修改配置文件

####hive-site.xml####

//添加项目 --0.11 版本以后可不用添加此项

hive.metastore.local

false

//修改项目

javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL

jdbc:mysql://hadoop.master:3306/hive

JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore

javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName

com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

Driver class name for a JDBC metastore

javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName

hive

Username to use against metastore database

javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword

hive

password to use against metastore database

hive.exec.local.scratchdir

/opt/hive-1.2.1/tmp //需要创建此目录

Local scratch space for Hive jobs

hive.downloaded.resources.dir

/opt/hive-1.2.1/tmp

Temporary local directory for added resources in the remote file system.

hive.hwi.war.file

/opt/hive-1.2.1/lib/hive-hwi-1.2.1.jar

This sets the path to the HWI war file, relative to ${HIVE_HOME}.

####hive-env.sh####

HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop-2.5.2

####hive-log4j.properties####

hive.log.threshold=ALL

hive.root.logger=INFO,DRFA

hive.log.dir=/opt/hive-1.2.1/logs //需创建相应目录

hive.log.file=hive.log

9.其他配置项

1.hdfs上创建相应文件夹并修改权限

hadoop fs -mkdir -p /tmp/hive

hadoop fs -chmod 777 /tmp/hive

hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/hive

hadoop fs -chmod 777 /user/hive

2.修改hadoop hadoop-env.sh配置文件

export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$HADOOP_CLASSPATH:$CLASSPATH

3.将mysql jdbc jar包拷贝到lib目录下

cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.21.jar /opt/hive-1.2.1/lib

4.将lib目录下的jline-2.12.jar 拷贝到/opt/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/yarn/lib下,并将相应包重属名

cp /opt/hive-1.2.1/lib/jline-2.12.jar /opt/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/yarn/lib

mv /opt/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jline-0.9.94.jar /opt/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jline-0.9.94.jar.bak

9.使用验证

hive --service metastore & //开机首次执行

hive -e"show databases;" //运行完不报错即安装成功

也可以使用hive命令行进去执行

10.常用命令

1.显示

show tables;

show databases;

2.定义

//添加外部分区表 推荐以后就是用这种表

create external table access_info(ip string,access_date string,url string)

partitioned by(logdate string) row format delimited fields terminated by ‘\t‘

desc access_info;

3.添加数据

alter table access_info add partition(logdate=‘2016-01-15‘) location ‘/access‘; --加载文件hdfs实际路径 access为文件夹名称

load data local inpath ‘/home/hadoop/huangzhijian/access.txt‘ into table access_info_local_file; --加载本地文件

3.查询

select * from access_info;

4.删除

drop table access_info; //外部表不会删除原本数据 内部表就会删除原数据

//注意不能update

5.其他

1.hive –f test.sql

####test.sql####

select * from t1;

select count(*) from t1;

2.hive -e ‘hql语句‘

3.hive -S -e ‘select * from t1‘(用法与第一种方式的静音模式一样，不会显示mapreduce的操作过程)

4.hive -e ‘select * from t1‘ > test.txt (将结果输出到本地文件中)

原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/ciade/p/5141269.html