java的方法参数很多_Java方法参数太多怎么办

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引入参数对象

Person.class

public class Person {

public FullName fullName;

public Address address;

public boolean isFemale;

public boolean isEmployed;

public boolean isHomeOwner;

public Person(FullName fullName, Address address, boolean isFemale, boolean isEmployed, boolean isHomeOwner) {

this.fullName = fullName;

this.address = address;

this.isFemale = isFemale;

this.isEmployed = isEmployed;

this.isHomeOwner = isHomeOwner;

}

}

FullName.class

public class FullName {

public String lastName;

public String firstName;

public String middleName;

public String salutation;

public String suffix;

public FullName(String lastName, String firstName, String middleName, String salutation, String suffix) {

this.lastName = lastName;

this.firstName = firstName;

this.middleName = middleName;

this.salutation = salutation;

this.suffix = suffix;

}

}

Address.class

public class Address {

public String streetAddress;

public String city;

public String state;

public Address(String streetAddress, String city, String state) {

this.streetAddress = streetAddress;

this.city = city;

this.state = state;

}

}

问题：参数对象可能被滥用。如果一个开32313133353236313431303231363533e78988e69d8331333363363438发者纯粹为了减少参数数量，把联系不紧的几个参数强捆在一个类中这肯定是行不通的，在可读性上甚至适得其反。

参数关系紧密合并到一个对象中

Builder模式：

Address.class

优点：客户端代码的可用性和可读性得到了大大提高，构造函数的参数数量明显减少调用起来非常直观。单个builder构建多个对象时Builder参数可在创建期间进行调整，还可以根据对象不同而进行改变，有效的避免重载构造函数。

缺点：增加代码量，代码变得更加冗长(相比较参数数量的增加，相同类型的参数混在一起，可选参数的增加而言，改善代码可读性更有价值)

Person.class

需求：当一个对象需要不同的参数构造方法？不能写5*5满足所有的需求吧

适用范围：构建对象时，如果碰到类有很多参数——其中很多参数类型相同而且很多参数可以为空时，使用Builder模式来完成。当参数数量不多、类型不同而且都是必须出现时，通过增加代码实现Builder往往无法体现它的优势。在这种情况下，理想的方法是调用传统的构造函数。再者，如果不需要保持不变，那么就使用无参构造函数调用相应的set方法吧。

代码

public class Person {

public FullName fullName;

public Address address;

public boolean isFemale;

public boolean isEmployed;

public boolean isHomeOwner;

public Person(FullName fullName, Address address, boolean isFemale, boolean isEmployed, boolean isHomeOwner) {

this.fullName = fullName;

this.address = address;

this.isFemale = isFemale;

this.isEmployed = isEmployed;

this.isHomeOwner = isHomeOwner;

}

public static class Builder {

private FullName fullName;

private Address address;

private boolean isFemale;

private boolean isEmployed;

private boolean isHomeOwner;

/**

* 如果有必填参数这里可以构造必填构造方法

*/

public Builder() {

}

public Builder setFullName(FullName fullName) {

this.fullName = fullName;

return this;

}

public Builder setAddress(Address address) {

this.address = address;

return this;

}

public Builder setFemale(boolean female) {

isFemale = female;

return this;

}

public Builder setEmployed(boolean employed) {

isEmployed = employed;

return this;

}

public Builder setHomeOwner(boolean homeOwner) {

isHomeOwner = homeOwner;

return this;

}

public Person create() {

return new Person(fullName, address, isFemale, isEmployed, isHomeOwner);

}

}

}

FullName.class

public class FullName {

public String lastName;

public String firstName;

public String middleName;

public String salutation;

public String suffix;

public FullName(String lastName, String firstName, String middleName, String salutation, String suffix) {

this.lastName = lastName;

this.firstName = firstName;

this.middleName = middleName;

this.salutation = salutation;

this.suffix = suffix;

}

public static class Builder {

private String lastName;

private String firstName;

private String middleName;

private String salutation;

private String suffix;

public Builder() {

}

public Builder setLastName(String lastName) {

this.lastName = lastName;

return this;

}

public Builder setFirstName(String firstName) {

this.firstName = firstName;

return this;

}

public Builder setMiddleName(String middleName) {

this.middleName = middleName;

return this;

}

public Builder setSalutation(String salutation) {

this.salutation = salutation;

return this;

}

public Builder setSuffix(String suffix) {

this.suffix = suffix;

return this;

}

public FullName create() {

return new FullName(lastName, firstName, middleName, salutation, suffix);

}

}

}

public class Address {

public String streetAddress;

public String city;

public String state;

public Address(String streetAddress, String city, String state) {

this.streetAddress = streetAddress;

this.city = city;

this.state = state;

}

public static class Builder {

private String streetAddress;

private String city;

private String state;

public Builder() {

}

public Builder setStreetAddress(String streetAddress) {

this.streetAddress = streetAddress;

return this;

}

public Builder setCity(String city) {

this.city = city;

return this;

}

public Builder setState(String state) {

this.state = state;

return this;

}

public Address create() {

return new Address(streetAddress, city, state);

}

}

}

调用的地方

public static void main(String[] args) {

FullName fullName = new FullName.Builder().setFirstName("yes")

.setLastName("no").create();

Address address = new Address.Builder().setCity("china").setState("12")

.create();

Person person = new Person.Builder().setAddress(address)

.setFullName(fullName).create();

}

重载

适用范围：方法中参数可选参数或者参数中指定参数相同

代码

public String name(String name,int year) {

return name+year;

}

/**

* 重载

* @param name

* @return

*/

public String name(String name) {

return name+"null";

}

优点：遇到可选参数或者默认参数时，使用方法重载会十分有效。

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