弹跳的小球java课程设计_实例学习：弹跳的小球

## 题目要求 ##

小球在面板上弹跳。使用两个按钮暂停和重新开始小球的运动，使用一个滚动条控制小球弹跳的速度。

## 主要步骤 ##

1)创建一个JPanel的子类，将它命名为Ball，用来显示小球的弹跳，

2)创建一个JPanel的子类，将它命名为BallControl包含一个小球，一个滚动条，两个控制按钮，

## Ball.java ##

import javax.swing.Timer;

import java.awt.*;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.event.*;

public class Ball extends JPanel {

private int delay = 10;

// Create a timer with delay 1000 ms

private Timer timer = new Timer(delay, new TimerListener());

private int x = 0; private int y = 0; // Current ball position

private int radius = 5; // Ball radius

private int dx = 2; // Increment on ball's x-coordinate

private int dy = 2; // Increment on ball's y-coordinate

public Ball() {

timer.start();

}

private class TimerListener implements ActionListener {

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

repaint();

}

}

protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {

super.paintComponent(g);

g.setColor(Color.red);

// Check boundaries

if (x < 0 || x > getWidth())

dx *= -1;

if (y < 0 || y > getHeight())

dy *= -1;

// Adjust ball position

x += dx;

y += dy;

g.fillOval(x - radius, y - radius, radius * 2, radius * 2);

}

public void suspend() {

timer.stop(); // Suspend timer

}

public void resume() {

timer.start(); // Resume timer

}

public void setDelay(int delay) {

this.delay = delay;

timer.setDelay(delay);

}

}

## 解释 ##

Ball类拓展JPanel类来显示一个移动的小球，定时器监听器ActionListener 来监听ActionEvent事件，(TimerListener).语句private Timer timer =nerw Timer(delay,new TimerListener())的功能是穿件一个Timer对象，当构造一个Ball的实例时就会启动语句timer.start()的定时器，这个定时器以固定的频率触发ActionEvent事件。监听器在语句repant()做出相应重画小球，已得到小球运动的动画。球的中心坐标(X，Y)处，它在下一次显示时就会变为(x+dx,y+dy).suspend方法和resume方法可以用来停止和启动定时器。setDelay(int) 方法设置新的延时。

## BallControl.java ##

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.event.*;

import java.awt.*;

public class BallControl extends JPanel {

private Ball ball = new Ball();

private JButton jbtSuspend = new JButton("Suspend");

private JButton jbtResume = new JButton("Resume");

private JScrollBar jsbDelay = new JScrollBar();

public BallControl() {

// Group buttons in a panel

JPanel panel = new JPanel();

panel.add(jbtSuspend);

panel.add(jbtResume);

// Add ball and buttons to the panel

ball.setBorder(new javax.swing.border.LineBorder(Color.red));

jsbDelay.setOrientation(JScrollBar.HORIZONTAL);

ball.setDelay(jsbDelay.getMaximum());

setLayout(new BorderLayout());

add(jsbDelay, BorderLayout.NORTH);

add(ball, BorderLayout.CENTER);

add(panel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

// Register listeners

jbtSuspend.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

ball.suspend();

}

});

jbtResume.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

ball.resume();

}

});

jsbDelay.addAdjustmentListener(new AdjustmentListener() {

public void adjustmentValueChanged(AdjustmentEvent e) {

ball.setDelay(jsbDelay.getMaximum() - e.getValue());

}

});

}

}

## 解释 ##

BallControl类拓展JPanel类，显示一个球，一个滚动条。当点击Suspend按钮时，就会调用Suspend()方法使球暂停运动，及执行语句ball.suspend()；当点击Resume按钮时，就会调用resume()方法使球重新开始运动(ball.resume()).可以使用滚动条改变小球弹跳的速度。

## BounceBallApp.java ##

import java.awt.*;

import javax.swing.*;

public class BounceBallApp extends JApplet{

public BounceBallApp()

{

add(new BallControl());

}

}