python旋转矩阵90°,如何旋转矩阵90度，而无需使用任何额外的空间？

By saying 90 degrees i mean to say if:

A = {1,2,3,

4,5,6,

7,8,9}

then after 90 degree rotation A becomes:

A = {7,4,1,

8,5,2,

9,6,3}

解决方案

let a be an nxn array 0 based indexing

f = floor(n/2)

c = ceil(n/2)

for x = 0 to f - 1

for y = 0 to c - 1

temp = a[x,y]

a[x,y] = a[y,n-1-x]

a[y,n-1-x] = a[n-1-x,n-1-y]

a[n-1-x,n-1-y] = a[n-1-y,x]

a[n-1-y,x] = temp

Edit If you want to avoid using temp, this works (it also rotates in the correct direction) this time in python.

def rot2(a):

n = len(a)

c = (n+1) / 2

f = n / 2

for x in range(c):

for y in range(f):

a[x][y] = a[x][y] ^ a[n-1-y][x]

a[n-1-y][x] = a[x][y] ^ a[n-1-y][x]

a[x][y] = a[x][y] ^ a[n-1-y][x]

a[n-1-y][x] = a[n-1-y][x] ^ a[n-1-x][n-1-y]

a[n-1-x][n-1-y] = a[n-1-y][x] ^ a[n-1-x][n-1-y]

a[n-1-y][x] = a[n-1-y][x] ^ a[n-1-x][n-1-y]

a[n-1-x][n-1-y] = a[n-1-x][n-1-y]^a[y][n-1-x]

a[y][n-1-x] = a[n-1-x][n-1-y]^a[y][n-1-x]

a[n-1-x][n-1-y] = a[n-1-x][n-1-y]^a[y][n-1-x]

Note: This only works for matrices of integers.