java创建线程池_java中线程池创建的几种方式

java中创建线程池的方式一般有两种：

通过Executors工厂方法创建

通过new ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize, int maximumPoolSize, long keepAliveTime, TimeUnit unit, BlockingQueue workQueue)自定义创建

Executors工厂方法创建

packagecom.javaBase.LineDistancePond;importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;importjava.util.concurrent.Executors;importjava.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;importjava.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;/*** 〈一句话功能简述〉;

* 〈功能详细描述〉

*

*@authorjxx

*@see[相关类/方法](可选)

*@since[产品/模块版本] (可选)*/

public classTestThreadPoolExecutor {public static voidmain(String[] args) {//创建使用单个线程的线程池

ExecutorService es1 =Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

es1.submit(newRunnable() {

@Overridepublic voidrun() {

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "正在执行任务");

}

});

}//创建使用固定线程数的线程池

ExecutorService es2 = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

es2.submit(newRunnable() {

@Overridepublic voidrun() {

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "正在执行任务");

}

});

}//创建一个会根据需要创建新线程的线程池

ExecutorService es3 =Executors.newCachedThreadPool();for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {

es3.submit(newRunnable() {

@Overridepublic voidrun() {

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "正在执行任务");

}

});

}//创建拥有固定线程数量的定时线程任务的线程池

ScheduledExecutorService es4 = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(2);

System.out.println("时间：" +System.currentTimeMillis());for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

es4.schedule(newRunnable() {

@Overridepublic voidrun() {

System.out.println("时间："+System.currentTimeMillis()+"--"+Thread.currentThread().getName() + "正在执行任务");

}

},3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

}//创建只有一个线程的定时线程任务的线程池

ScheduledExecutorService es5 =Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();

System.out.println("时间：" +System.currentTimeMillis());for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

es5.schedule(newRunnable() {

@Overridepublic voidrun() {

System.out.println("时间："+System.currentTimeMillis()+"--"+Thread.currentThread().getName() + "正在执行任务");

}

},3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

}

}

}

new ThreadPoolExecutor()自定义创建

public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize, int maximumPoolSize,long keepAliveTime,TimeUnit unit,BlockingQueue workQueue,ThreadFactory threadFactory,RejectedExecutionHandler handler) ;

corePoolSize：核心池的大小，这个参数跟后面讲述的线程池的实现原理有非常大的关系。在创建了线程池后，默认情况下，线程池中并没有任何线程，而是等待有任务到来才创建线程去执行任务，除非调用了prestartAllCoreThreads()或者prestartCoreThread()方法，从这2个方法的名字就可以看出，是预创建线程的意思，即在没有任务到来之前就创建corePoolSize个线程或者一个线程。默认情况下，在创建了线程池后，线程池中的线程数为0，当有任务来之后，就会创建一个线程去执行任务，当线程池中的线程数目达到corePoolSize后，就会把到达的任务放到缓存队列当中；

maximumPoolSize：线程池最大线程数，这个参数也是一个非常重要的参数，它表示在线程池中最多能创建多少个线程；

keepAliveTime：表示线程没有任务执行时最多保持多久时间会终止。默认情况下，只有当线程池中的线程数大于corePoolSize时，keepAliveTime才会起作用，直到线程池中的线程数不大于corePoolSize，即当线程池中的线程数大于corePoolSize时，如果一个线程空闲的时间达到keepAliveTime，则会终止，直到线程池中的线程数不超过corePoolSize。但是如果调用了allowCoreThreadTimeOut(boolean)方法，在线程池中的线程数不大于corePoolSize时，keepAliveTime参数也会起作用，直到线程池中的线程数为0；

unit：参数keepAliveTime的时间单位，有7种取值，在TimeUnit类中有7种静态属性：

TimeUnit.DAYS; //天

TimeUnit.HOURS; //小时

TimeUnit.MINUTES; //分钟

TimeUnit.SECONDS; //秒

TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS; //毫秒

TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS; //微妙

TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS; //纳秒

workQueue：一个阻塞队列，用来存储等待执行的任务，这个参数的选择也很重要，会对线程池的运行过程产生重大影响，一般来说，这里的阻塞队列有以下几种选择：

ArrayBlockingQueue

LinkedBlockingQueue

SynchronousQueue

PriorityBlockingQueue

ArrayBlockingQueue和PriorityBlockingQueue使用较少，一般使用LinkedBlockingQueue和SynchronousQueue。线程池的排队策略与BlockingQueue有关。

threadFactory：用于设置创建线程的工厂，可以通过线程工厂给每个创建出来的线程做些更有意义的事情，比如设置daemon和优先级等等

handler：表示当拒绝处理任务时的策略，有以下四种取值：

1、AbortPolicy：直接抛出异常。2、CallerRunsPolicy：只用调用者所在线程来运行任务。3、DiscardOldestPolicy：丢弃队列里最近的一个任务，并执行当前任务。4、DiscardPolicy：不处理，丢弃掉。5、也可以根据应用场景需要来实现RejectedExecutionHandler接口自定义策略。如记录日志或持久化不能处理的任务。

ThreadPoolExecutor 源码理解

public static void test(intsize) {

ThreadPoolExecutor poolExecutor= new ThreadPoolExecutor(5, 20, 2, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(5));for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {

poolExecutor.execute(newDemoTask(i));

Console.log("poolSize:" +poolExecutor.getPoolSize());

Console.log("corePoolSize:" +poolExecutor.getCorePoolSize());

Console.log("maximumPoolSize:" +poolExecutor.getMaximumPoolSize());

Console.log("queue:" +poolExecutor.getQueue().size());

Console.log("completedTaskCount:" +poolExecutor.getCompletedTaskCount());

Console.log("largestPoolSize:" +poolExecutor.getLargestPoolSize());

Console.log("keepAliveTime:" +poolExecutor.getKeepAliveTime(TimeUnit.SECONDS));

}

poolExecutor.shutdown();

}class DemoTask implementsRunnable {private inttaskNum;public DemoTask(inttaskNum) {this.taskNum =taskNum;

}

@Overridepublic voidrun() {

Console.log(StringUtils.center("正在执行" + taskNum, 20, "="));try{

Thread.sleep(2000);

}catch(InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

Console.log(StringUtils.center("执行完毕" + taskNum, 20, "="));

}

}

执行结果：

=======正在执行0========poolSize:1corePoolSize:5maximumPoolSize:20queue:0completedTaskCount:0largestPoolSize:1keepAliveTime:2poolSize:2corePoolSize:5maximumPoolSize:20queue:0completedTaskCount:0

=======正在执行1========largestPoolSize:2keepAliveTime:2poolSize:3corePoolSize:5maximumPoolSize:20

=======正在执行2========queue:0completedTaskCount:0largestPoolSize:3keepAliveTime:2poolSize:4corePoolSize:5maximumPoolSize:20queue:0

=======正在执行3========completedTaskCount:0largestPoolSize:4keepAliveTime:2poolSize:5corePoolSize:5

=======正在执行4========maximumPoolSize:20queue:0completedTaskCount:0largestPoolSize:5keepAliveTime:2poolSize:5corePoolSize:5maximumPoolSize:20queue:1completedTaskCount:0largestPoolSize:5keepAliveTime:2poolSize:5corePoolSize:5maximumPoolSize:20queue:2completedTaskCount:0largestPoolSize:5keepAliveTime:2poolSize:5corePoolSize:5maximumPoolSize:20queue:3completedTaskCount:0largestPoolSize:5keepAliveTime:2poolSize:5corePoolSize:5maximumPoolSize:20queue:4completedTaskCount:0largestPoolSize:5keepAliveTime:2poolSize:5corePoolSize:5maximumPoolSize:20queue:5completedTaskCount:0largestPoolSize:5keepAliveTime:2poolSize:6corePoolSize:5maximumPoolSize:20queue:5completedTaskCount:0largestPoolSize:6keepAliveTime:2poolSize:7corePoolSize:5maximumPoolSize:20queue:5completedTaskCount:0largestPoolSize:7keepAliveTime:2

=======正在执行11=======poolSize:8corePoolSize:5maximumPoolSize:20queue:5completedTaskCount:0

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=======正在执行10=======largestPoolSize:8keepAliveTime:2poolSize:9corePoolSize:5

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=======正在执行15=======completedTaskCount:0largestPoolSize:11keepAliveTime:2poolSize:12corePoolSize:5maximumPoolSize:20queue:5completedTaskCount:0

=======正在执行16=======largestPoolSize:12keepAliveTime:2poolSize:13corePoolSize:5maximumPoolSize:20

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=======正在执行18=======completedTaskCount:0largestPoolSize:14keepAliveTime:2poolSize:15corePoolSize:5maximumPoolSize:20

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