java finally块_Java finally块

try块也可以有零个或一个finally块。 finally块总是与try块一起使用。

语法

finally块的语法是：

finally {

// Code for finally block

}

finally块以关键字finally开始，后面紧跟一个大括号和一个大括号。finally块的代码放在大括号内。

try，catch和finally块有两种可能的组合：try-catch-finally或try-finally。try块可以后跟零个或多个catch块。try块最多可以有一个finally块。try块必须有一个catch块和一个finally块或两者都有。try-catch-finally块的语法是：

try {

// Code for try block

}

catch(Exception1 e1) {

// Code for catch block

}

finally {

// Code for finally block

}

try-finally块的语法是：

try {

// Code for try block

}

finally {

// Code for finally block

}

无论在相关联的try块和/或catch块中发生什么，finally块中的代码都保证执行。所以，一般使用finally块来写清理代码。

例如，可能用来释放一些资源，如数据库连接的关闭，文件的关闭等，当完成它们时，必须释放。

在try-finally块允许实现这个逻辑。代码结构将如下所示：

try {

// Obtain and use some resources here

}

finally {

// Release the resources that were obtained in the try block

}

示例-1

下面的代码演示了finally块的使用。

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int x = 10, y = 0, z = 0;

try {

System.out.println("Before dividing x by y.");

z = x / y;

System.out.println("After dividing x by y.");

} catch (ArithmeticException e) {

System.out.println("Inside catch block a.");

} finally {

System.out.println("Inside finally block a.");

}

try {

System.out.println("Before setting z to 2.");

z = 2;

System.out.println("After setting z to 2.");

}

catch (Exception e) {

System.out.println("Inside catch block b.");

} finally {

System.out.println("Inside finally block b.");

}

try {

System.out.println("Inside try block c.");

}

finally {

System.out.println("Inside finally block c.");

}

try {

System.out.println("Before executing System.exit().");

System.exit(0);

System.out.println("After executing System.exit().");

} finally {

// This finally block will not be executed

// because application exits in try block

System.out.println("Inside finally block d.");

}

}

}

上面的代码生成以下结果。

Before dividing x by y.

Inside catch block a.

Inside finally block a.

Before setting z to 2.

After setting z to 2.

Inside finally block b.

Inside try block c.

Inside finally block c.

Before executing System.exit().

重新抛出一个异常

捕获的异常可以被重新抛出。

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

try {

m1();

} catch (MyException e) {

// Print the stack trace

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

public static void m1() throws MyException {

try {

m2();

} catch (MyException e) {

e.fillInStackTrace();

throw e;

}

}

public static void m2() throws MyException {

throw new MyException("An error has occurred.");

}

}

class MyException extends Exception {

public MyException() {

super();

}

public MyException(String message) {

super(message);

}

public MyException(String message, Throwable cause) {

super(message, cause);

}

public MyException(Throwable cause) {

super(cause);

}

}

上面的代码生成以下结果。

MyException: An error has occurred.

at Main.m1(Main.java:14)

at Main.main(Main.java:4)

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