ping6 linux,Linux下的ping6

昨天分别试用了一下Linux下和Windows下的IPv6 Ping，发现无法ping Link-local地址，百思不得其解，遂上网google一下，终于找到了原因。

Windows XP下的IPv6地址：

Ethernet adapter Test:

Connection-specific DNS Suffix  . :

IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.39.137

Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0

IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : fe80::21a:a5ff:fec1:1060%6

Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.39.1

fe80::20f:e6ff:fed4:33da%6

注意其中%6表示接口编号。

Linux下的IPv6地址：

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:1C:A0:C5:16:CD

inet addr:192.168.39.226  Bcast:192.168.39.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

inet6 addr: fe80::21c:a0ff:fec5:16cd/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

RX packets:274560 errors:11 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:11

TX packets:4651 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:25845320 (24.6 MiB)  TX bytes:1234107 (1.1 MiB)

Interrupt:16

在Windows下ping Linux机器：

C:/>ping fe80::21c:a0ff:fec5:16cd

Destination net unreachable.

Destination net unreachable.

Destination net unreachable.

需要使用带接口ID的地址：

C:/>ping fe80::21c:a0ff:fec5:16cd%6

Pinging fe80::21c:a0ff:fec5:16cd%6 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from fe80::21c:a0ff:fec5:16cd%6: time<1ms

Reply from fe80::21c:a0ff:fec5:16cd%6: time<1ms

Reply from fe80::21c:a0ff:fec5:16cd%6: time<1ms

Reply from fe80::21c:a0ff:fec5:16cd%6: time<1ms

Ping statistics for fe80::21c:a0ff:fec5:16cd%6:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

Linux机器上：

[root@test ~]$ ping6  fe80::21a:a5ff:fec1:1060

connect: Invalid argument

网上一篇文章提到这个问题：

The point is that link-local adress can't be used in this way. You'd

better set a different global ipv6 adress to eth0 or specify device

used for ping - ping6 -I eth0 fe80:: ...

也就是必须带接口名：

[heym@jupiter ~]$ ping6 -I eth0 fe80::21a:a5ff:fec1:1060

PING fe80::21a:a5ff:fec1:1060(fe80::21a:a5ff:fec1:1060) from fe80::21c:a0ff:fec5:16cd eth0: 56 data bytes

64 bytes from fe80::21a:a5ff:fec1:1060: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=4.23 ms

64 bytes from fe80::21a:a5ff:fec1:1060: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.366 ms

64 bytes from fe80::21a:a5ff:fec1:1060: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.369 ms

分析：

由于Link-Local地址的形式都是： FE80::a:b:c:d 格式，不带任何子网信息等指示路由。因此如果有多个网卡的机器上就有多个Link-Local地址，就必须指定从哪个接口出去，否则系统不知道是哪条链路上的地址。