接下来的例子,将展示如何使用 WebRTC 的 RTCPeerConnection API 建立视频连接。
创建工程
创建如下的工程:
一个 index.html + 一个main.js。
在 html 中添加 video
在 index.html 中,添加两个 video,分别是 localVideo 和 remoteVideo,用于模拟建立视频连接的两端。
在创建三个按钮:Start、Call、Hang Up,用来模拟视频建立过程中的操作:
Start:localVideo 打开摄像头并显示视频
Call:localVideo 向 remoteVideo 发出请求,并显示 remoteVideo 的视频
Hang Up:remoteVideo 挂断
因此 index.html 的代码为:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<div id="container">
<video id="localVideo" playsinline autoplay muted></video>
<video id="remoteVideo" playsinline autoplay></video>
<div class="box">
<button id="startButton">Start</button>
<button id="callButton">Call</button>
<button id="hangupButton">Hang Up</button>
</div>
</div>
<script src="js/main.js" async></script>
</body>
</html>
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显示的效果如下:
Start 功能实现
Start 功能要实现 localVideo 打开摄像头并显示视频的功能。
这时候需要用到 getUserMedia 这个 API。
代码如下:
let localStream;
const startButton = document.getElementById('startButton');
startButton.addEventListener('click', start);
async function start() {
console.log('Requesting local stream');
startButton.disabled = true;
try {
const stream = await navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia({audio: true, video: true});
console.log('Received local stream');
localVideo.srcObject = stream;
localStream = stream;
callButton.disabled = false;
} catch (e) {
alert(`getUserMedia() error: ${e.name}`);
}
}
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只要点击 Start,就会在网页上展示当前的视频,如下:
![image-20190603030244840](/Users/koude/Library/Application Support/typora-user-images/image-20190603030244840.png)
Call 功能实现
Call 功能要实现 localVideo 向 remoteVideo 发出请求,并显示 remoteVideo 的视频。
Call 功能是一个核心功能,会为两端的视频建立连接,需要用到 RTCPeerConnection 这个 API。
首先获取 localVideo 和 remoteVideo 这两个 Video,并创建两个变量来分别代表这两个 Video 的 PeerConnection,localVideo 为 pc1,remoteVideo 为 pc2:
const localVideo = document.getElementById('localVideo');
const remoteVideo = document.getElementById('remoteVideo');
let pc1;
let pc2;
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然后获取 Call 按钮,并为其分配点击事件:
const callButton = document.getElementById('callButton');
callButton.addEventListener('click', call);
async function call() {
}
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在 call() 里面就要使用到 RTCPeerConnection 来建立连接,一个是 pc1,一个是 pc1,然后 pc1 向 pc2 建立连接:
async function call() {
callButton.disabled = true;
hangupButton.disabled = false;
console.log('Starting call');
caches
pc1 = new RTCPeerConnection();
console.log('Created local peer connection object pc1');
pc1.addEventListener('icecandidate', e => onIceCandidate(pc1, e));
pc2 = new RTCPeerConnection({});
console.log('Created remote peer connection object pc2');
pc2.addEventListener('icecandidate', e => onIceCandidate(pc2, e));
pc2.addEventListener('track', gotRemoteStream);
localStream.getTracks().forEach(track => pc1.addTrack(track, localStream));
console.log('Added local stream to pc1');
try {
console.log('pc1 createOffer start');
const offer = await pc1.createOffer(offerOptions);
await onCreateOfferSuccess(offer);
} catch (e) {
}
}
async function onCreateOfferSuccess(desc) {
console.log(`Offer from pc1\n${desc.sdp}`);
console.log('pc1 setLocalDescription start');
try {
await pc1.setLocalDescription(desc);
} catch (e) {
}
console.log('pc2 setRemoteDescription start');
try {
await pc2.setRemoteDescription(desc);
} catch (e) {
}
console.log('pc2 createAnswer start');
// Since the 'remote' side has no media stream we need
// to pass in the right constraints in order for it to
// accept the incoming offer of audio and video.
try {
const answer = await pc2.createAnswer();
await onCreateAnswerSuccess(answer);
} catch (e) {
}
}
function gotRemoteStream(e) {
if (remoteVideo.srcObject !== e.streams[0]) {
remoteVideo.srcObject = e.streams[0];
console.log('pc2 received remote stream');
}
}
async function onCreateAnswerSuccess(desc) {
console.log(`Answer from pc2:\n${desc.sdp}`);
console.log('pc2 setLocalDescription start');
try {
await pc2.setLocalDescription(desc);
} catch (e) {
}
console.log('pc1 setRemoteDescription start');
try {
await pc1.setRemoteDescription(desc);
} catch (e) {
}
}
async function onIceCandidate(pc, event) {
try {
await (getOtherPc(pc).addIceCandidate(event.candidate));
} catch (e) {
}
}
const offerOptions = {
offerToReceiveAudio: 1,
offerToReceiveVideo: 1
};
function getName(pc) {
return (pc === pc1) ? 'pc1' : 'pc2';
}
function getOtherPc(pc) {
return (pc === pc1) ? pc2 : pc1;
}
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至此,只要点击 Call,就会建立连接,因为这里用到的视频是同一台电脑的,所以画面如下:
Hang Up 功能实现
Hang Up 功能要实现挂断 remoteVideo 的视频连接的功能。很好实现,只要将 pc1和pc2的连接关闭就行,代码如下:
const hangupButton = document.getElementById('hangupButton');
hangupButton.addEventListener('click', hangup);
function hangup() {
console.log('Ending call');
pc1.close();
pc2.close();
pc1 = null;
pc2 = null;
hangupButton.disabled = true;
callButton.disabled = false;
}
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点击 Hang Up 之后的画面如下:
总结
至此一个使用 WebRTC 的 RTCPeerConnection API 实现的简单的视频连接功能就实现完成了。