一、概述

1. Cacti 是用php 语言实现的一个软件，它的主要功能是用snmp 服务获取数据，

然后用rrdtool 储存和更新数据，当用户需要查看数据的时候用rrdtool 生成图表

呈现给用户。因此，snmp 和rrdtool 是cacti 的关键。snmp 关系着数据的收集，

rrdtool 关系着数据存储和图表的生成。

2. Mysql 配合PHP 程序存储一些变量数据并对变量数据进行调用，如：主机名、主

机ip、snmp 团体名、端口号、模板信息等变量。

3. snmp 抓到数据不是存储在mysql 中，而是存在rrdtool 生成的rrd 文件中（在

cacti 根目录的rra 文件夹下）。rrdtool 对数据的更新和存储就是对rrd 文件的处

理，rrd 文件是大小固定的档案文件（Round Robin Archive），它能够存储的数据笔数

在创建时就已经定义。

二、Cacti的架构及工作流程

1. Cacti 的架构

2. Cacti 的工作流程

 

安装需求：(cacti相关包下载地址：http://www.cacti.net/downloads/)

        ·         RRDTool 1.2.x 或者更高

·         MySQL 4.1.x or 5.x 或者更高

·         PHP 4.3.6或者更高（推荐5.3以下，否则会报很多错误） php-mysql  php-snmp

·         Web服务 例如：Apache 或者 IIS

·         net-snmp

php编译配置时需要添加下列模块：(可用php –m查看这些模块是否安装)

·         mysql

·         snmp

·         xml

·         session

·         sockets

·         gd (安装一些插件时需要)

·         LDAP (当用LDAP认证时需要,非必须)

 

安装过程步骤：

1.安装必需组件

yum install –y  fontconfig* autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libart_lgpl* pango* libtool* ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel openssl openssl-devel  perl*  net-snmp*

 

2. 安装mysql

查看系统中是否已经安装了MySQL，如果是卸载所有以mysql 开头的包。

yum remove –y mysql*

tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.44.tar.gz  -C /usr/local/src

useradd mysql

cd  /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.44

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/cacti/mysql  --enable-local-infile --with-charset=gbk

 --with-low-memory  --with-mysqld-user=mysql --enable-thread-safe-client

make && make install

cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.44/support-files/my-medium.cnf  /etc/my.cnf

chown -R mysql:mysql   /usr/local/cacti/mysql/

/usr/local/cacti/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

/usr/local/cacti/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

echo "/usr/local/cacti/mysql/lib/mysql" >> /etc/ld.so.conf

cp  /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.44/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld

ln -s /usr/local/cacti/mysql/bin/mysql  /usr/local/bin/mysql

ldconfig -v | grep mysql

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig --add mysqld

chkconfig mysqld on

 

3.安装Apache

tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.15.tar.gz  -C /usr/local/src

cd  /usr/local/src/httpd-2.2.15

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/cacti/apache --enable-so --enable-rewrite  --enable-ssl --with-ssl=/usr/bin/openssl --with-zlib --enable-mods-shared=all --enable-track-vars --with-mysql=/usr/local/cacti/mysql

make && make install

/usr/local/cacti/apache/bin/apachectl start

ln -s /usr/local/cacti/apache/bin/apachectl  /etc/init.d/httpd 

vi /etc/init.d/httpd  //添加如下两行

#description:http server

#chkconfig: 2345 83 17

chkconfig --add httpd

chkconfig httpd on

添加php支持

vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/conf/httpd.conf

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

<IfModule dir_module>

DirectoryIndex index.php index.html

</IfModule>

 

4.安装php

tar -zxvf php-5.2.8tar.gz  -C  /usr/local/src

cd /usr/local/src/php-5.2.8

./configure   --prefix=/usr/local/cacti/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/cacti/php

--with-apxs2=/usr/local/cacti/apache/bin/apxs --with-zlib --with-bz2 --with-freetype-dir --enable-mbstring --with-mysql=/usr/local/cacti/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/cacti/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-gd --with-libxml-dir --with-png-dir --with-jpeg-dir --enable-sockets --with-snmp

make && make install

cp php.ini-dist  /usr/local/cacti/php/php.ini

ln -s /usr/local/cacti/php/bin/php  /usr/bin

vim  /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/index.php

<?

phpinfo();

?>

 

5.安装rrdtool

yum install –y intltool   //先更新intltool

tar -zxvf rrdtool-1.3.9.tar.gz

cd rrdtool-1.3.9

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/cacti/rrdtool

make && make install

 

6.安装spine

tar -zxvf cacti-spine-0.8.7e.tar.gz

cd cacti-spine-0.8.7e

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/cacti/spine --with-mysql=/usr/local/cacti/mysql

make && make install

cat  /usr/local/cacti/spine/etc/spine.conf

DB_Host localhost

DB_Database cacti

DB_User cactiuser

DB_Pass cactiuser

DB_Port 3306

 

7.安装cacti并创建cacti数据库

tar -zxvf cacti-0.8.7e.tar.gz

mv cacti-0.8.7e /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti

chown –R  root:root /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti

cat  /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/config.php

$database_type = "mysql";

$database_default = "cacti";

$database_hostname = "localhost";

$database_username = "cactiuser";

$database_password = "cactiuser";

$database_port = "3306";

cat  /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php

$database_type = "mysql";

$database_default = "cacti";

$database_hostname = "localhost";

$database_username = "cactiuser";

$database_password = "cactiuser";

$database_port = "3306";

useradd cactiuser

/usr/local/bin/mysql

mysql> create database cacti;

mysql> grant all privileges on cacti.* to cactiuser@localhost identified by "cactiuser";

mysql>flush privileges;      

mysql cacti < /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/cacti.sql   //导入数据库

 

8.定时执行

crontab -e

*/5 * * * *  php /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1

9.在浏览器中输入http://serverIP/cacti 安装配置cacti

设置完后用http://serverIP/cacti/登录,默认用户名和密码都是admin,第一次登录要求强制修改密码

 

安装后的Settings设置,需要注意net-snmp,roodtool的版本号.spine路径,poller type,如下:

以下是一些插件的安装，用于扩展功能

10.安装Plugin Architecture

unzip cacti-plugin-0.8.7e-PA-v2.5.zip

/usr/local/bin/mysql cacti < pa.sql

cp cacti-plugin-0.8.7e-PA-v2.5.diff /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/

cd /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/

patch -p1 -N < cacti-plugin-0.8.7e-PA-v2.5.diff

vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php

$config['url_path']='/';改成

$config['url_path']='/cacti/';

User Management-->admin-->选中Plugin Management 保存

刷新页面，左侧configuratin的Settings下面会显示Plugin Managemnet

11.settings插件的安装

tar -zxvf settings-0.5.tgz

mv settings-0.5 /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/settings

vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php

$plugins=array();找到这一项，添加

$plugins[] = 'settings';

$plugins[] = 'weathermap';

$plugins[] = 'monitor';

$plugins[] = 'thold';

$plugins[] = 'ntop';

$plugins[] = 'syslog';

$plugins[] = 'discovery';

点击左侧--->Plugin Management-->在新打开的窗口中会显示刚安装的settings插件，如图:

必须Install再Enable才能使用

 

13.weathermap插件的安装

unzip php-weathermap-0.97.zip

mv weathermap/ /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/weathermap

vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php

$plugins=array();找到这一项，添加

$plugins[]='weathermap';

cd /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/weathermap

chown cactiuser output

cp editor-config.php-dist editor-config.php

ps -aux | grep httpd

chown daemon configs/

chmod u+w configs/

vi editor-config.php

$cacti_base = "/usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti";

$cacti_url = "http://192.168.0.161/cacti/";

$mapdir= $cacti_base.'/plugins/weathermap/configs';

$ignore_cacti = FALSE;

将editor.php中的ENABLED=false改为true，否则weathermap点击Editor时会报错

vim /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/weathermap/editor.php

//$ENABLED=false; 将false改为true

$ENABLED=true;

 

14.monitor的安装

tar -zxvf monitor-latest.tgz

mv monitor-0.9/ /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/monitor

vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php

$plugins=array();找到这一项，添加

$plugins[]='monitor';添加

 

15.thold的安装

tar -zxvf thold-latest.tgz

mv thold-0.41/ /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/thold

vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php

$plugins=array();找到这一项，添加

$plugins[]='thold';添加

在Plugin Managment中，将刚安装的monitor,thold Install-->Enable 就可以看到monitor thold的标签了

16. notp的安装

安装ntop之前要安装libpcap和rrdttool

tar -zxvf libpcap-1.1.1.tar.gz

cd libpcap-1.1.1

./configure

make && make install

tar -zxvf ntop-3.3.tar.gz

cd ntop-3.3

./autogen.sh --with-rrd-home=/usr/local/cacti/rrdtool --disable-snmp

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ntop --with-rrd-home=/usr/local/cacti/rrdtool --disable-snmp

make && make install

cp packages/RedHat/ntop.conf.sample /etc/ntop.conf

配置ntop

groupadd ntop

useradd ntop -g ntop

mkdir /var/log/ntop

chown -R ntop.ntop /usr/local/share/ntop

chown -R ntop.ntop /var/log/ntop

mkdir /usr/local/var/ntop/rrd

chmod -R 777 /usr/local/var/ntop/rrd/

ln -s /usr/lib64/libpcap.so.0.9.4 /lib64/libpcap.so.1

ldconfig

/usr/local/ntop/bin/ntop -A

###########################################################################################

/usr/local/ntop/bin/ntop: error while loading shared libraries: libpcap.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

ldd /usr/local/ntop/bin/ntop

libpcap.so.1 => not found

libpcap.so.1 => not found

find / -name libpcap.so*

# find / -name libpcap.so*

/usr/local/lib/libpcap.so.1.1.1

/usr/local/lib/libpcap.so.1

/usr/local/lib/libpcap.so

/usr/local/libpcap/lib/libpcap.so.1.1.1

/usr/local/libpcap/lib/libpcap.so.1

/usr/local/libpcap/lib/libpcap.so

/usr/lib64/libpcap.so.0.9.4

/usr/lib64/libpcap.so.0

/usr/lib64/libpcap.so.0.9

ln -s /usr/lib64/libpcap.so.0.9.4 /lib64/libpcap.so.1

ldconfig

###########################################################################################

/usr/local/ntop/bin/ntop -P /var/log/ntop -u nobody & //启动服务(测试不成功)

/usr/local/ntop/bin/ntop -p /var/log/ntop //这样是成功的

设置开机自动启动：

echo "/usr/local/ntop/bin/ntop -p /var/log/ntop & 2>1 1> /dev/null" >> /etc/rc.local

配置完成.

IP输入: http://192.168.0.200:3000 就OK 了.

tar -zxvf ntop-0.1.tar.gz

mv ntop /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/ntop

vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php

 

$plugins=array();找到这一项，添加

$plugins[]='ntop';添加

User Management-->admin-->View NTop

 

17.syslog安装，可以做为日志服务器

tar -zxvf syslog-0.5.2.tar.gz

mv syslog /usr/local/cacti/ap

vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php

$plugins=array();找到这一项，添加

$plugins[]='syslog';添加

 

vim /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/syslog/config.php

$syslogdb_type = 'mysql';

$syslogdb_default = 'syslog';

$syslogdb_hostname = 'localhost

$syslogdb_username = 'cactiuser';

$syslogdb_password = 'cactiuser';

//建立syslog数据库及用syslog.sql建表等

/usr/local/bin/mysql

mysql> create database syslog;

mysql> quit;

/usr/local/bin/

mysql> grant all privileges on syslog.* to cactiuser@localhost identified by "cactiuser";

mysql> flush privileges;

mysql> exit;

 

service syslog stop

安装rpm -ivh syslog

vi /etc/syslog-ng/syslog-ng.conf

# 在文件末尾添加如下内容

source net {

udp();

};

destionation d_mysql{

pipe("/tmp/mysql.pipe”)

template("INSERT INTO

'$FACILITY', '$PRIORITY', '$YEAR-$MONTH-$DAY', '$HOUR:$MIN:$SEC', '$MSG' );\n") template-escape(yes)

);

};

log { source(net); destination(d_mysql); }

log { source(s_sys); destination(d_mysql); }

shell配置

vim  /sbin/syslogtomysql

#!/bin/bash

if [ ! -e /tmp/mysql.pipe];then

mkfifo /tmp/mysql.pipe

fi

while[-e /tmp/mysql.pipe]

do

   mysql –u cactiuser –password=cactiuser syslog </tmp/mysql.pipe

done

chmod 755 /sbin/syslogtomysql

echo "/sbin/syslogtomysql &" >> /etc/rc.local

/sbin/syslogtomysql &

service syslog-ng restart

service mysqld restart

chkconfig syslog off

chkconfig --del syslog

chkconfig syslon-ng on

chkconfig --add syslog-n

点击syslog标签会有php的警告信息，经查找，是syslog.php中timespan_settings.php的路径不对，怀疑是版本问题导致

vim /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/syslog/syslog.php

include($syslog_config["graphtime"] ? "./lib/timespan_settings.php

"plugins/syslog/html/syslog_timespan_settings.php"); //改为上面的路/*include($syslog_config["graphtime"] ? "./include/html/inc_timespan_settings.

"plugins/syslog/html/syslog_timespan_settings.php");*/

18.discovery的安装

tar -zxvf discovery-0.8.5.tar.gz

mv discovery /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/plugins/discovery

vi /usr/local/cacti/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/global.php

$plugins=array();找到这一项，添加

$plugins[]='discovery';添加

 

全部安装完后效果图: