UI组件开发（Dialog、Menu、Notification、TabHost的使用）

   今天的这一篇我们主要讲的就是，标题中提及到的几个知识点，也就是关于Android UI开发的组件开发方面的讲解，我会一一说明和举例，希望对大家有所帮助。

一.Dialog（对话框）

1.简单介绍：

   对话框是一种显示于Activity之上的界面元素，常用的对话框有如下几种：

（1）AlertDialog（提示对话框）

（2）ProgressDialog（进度对话框）

（3）DatePickerDialog（日期选择对话框）

（4）TimePickerDialog（时间选择对话框）

2.AlertDialog

（1）MainActivity.java

package com.example.l_0826_dialog;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.DialogInterface.OnClickListener;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private View view;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         LayoutInflater lf=(LayoutInflater)getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
         view=lf.inflate(R.layout.cell, null);
         //获得AlertDialog静态内部类Builder对象并由该类创建对话框
        AlertDialog.Builder ab=new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
        ab.setView(view);
        //设置对话框的标题
        ab.setTitle("温馨提示：");
        //设置对话框的内容信息
        ab.setMessage("您确定退出应用程序吗？");
        //设置对话框的图标
        ab.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
        //给对话框添加选择按钮
        ab.setNegativeButton("确定", new OnClickListener() {
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您已经退出了应用程序", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        //用setNeutraButton来设置的按钮优先级高于setNegativeButton按钮，其他没有区别
        ab.setNeutralButton("取消", new OnClickListener() {
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity. this,"您取消了退出该应用", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        //对话框的显示
        ab.show();
    }
}

（2）另一种方法：

new AlertDialog.Builder(this).setTitle("温馨提示：").setMessage("Are you sure?")
        .setNegativeButton("确定",new OnClickListener() {
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                Toast.makeText(Act2.this, "您已经退出了应用程序", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        })
        .setNeutralButton("取消", new OnClickListener() {
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                Toast.makeText(Act2.this, "您取消了退出该应用程序", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }).show();

（3）运行效果：

2.ProgressDialog

（1）MainActivity.java

package com.example.l0826_progressdialog;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.DialogInterface.OnClickListener;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity{
    private ProgressDialog pd;
    private View view;
    private LayoutInflater lf;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        lf=(LayoutInflater)getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        view=lf.inflate(R.layout.cell, null);      
        pd=new ProgressDialog(this);
        pd.setView(view);
        pd.setTitle("温馨提示：");
        pd.setMessage("正在下载");
        pd.setMax(1000);
        pd.setButton("返回", new OnClickListener() {
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "下载完毕", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        //如果不设置这句话的效果如图1，设置了之后效果如图2
        pd.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL);
        pd.show();
    }
}

（2）运行效果1，未设置setProgressStyle方法：

（3）运行效果2，设置了setPrograssStyle方法

3.DatePickerDialog

（1）MainActivity.java

package com.example.l0826_datepickerdailog;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.DatePickerDialog;
import android.app.DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener;
import android.app.TimePickerDialog;
import android.app.TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.DatePicker;
import android.widget.TimePicker;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private DatePickerDialog dpd;
    private TimePickerDialog tpd;
    private int year,month,day,hour,minute,second;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        year=2013;
        month=7;
        day=26;
        hour=06;
        minute=30;
        //DatePickerDialog的使用
        dpd=new DatePickerDialog(MainActivity.this, new OnDateSetListener() {
                                                                                                                                                                                                     
            @Override
            public void onDateSet(DatePicker view, int year, int monthOfYear,
                    int dayOfMonth) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, year+"-"+month+"-"+day, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }, year, month, day);
        dpd.setTitle("闹钟");
        dpd.setMessage("日期设置");
        dpd.show();
        //TimePickerDialog的使用
        tpd=new TimePickerDialog(MainActivity.this, new OnTimeSetListener() {
                                                                                                                                                                                                     
            @Override
            public void onTimeSet(TimePicker view, int hourOfDay, int minute) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, hour+"/"+minute,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }, hour, minute, true);
        tpd.show();
    }
}

（2）运行效果：

二.Menu（菜单）

1.OptionsMenu（选项菜单）

   点击MENU键时出现，一般在屏幕下方，最多显示六项，多于六项时可以通过“更多”选项找到；

2.SubMenu（子菜单）

   只能扩展基本菜单，但不能再嵌套子菜单，不支持图标的显示；

3.ContextMenu（上下文菜单）

   长按屏幕中某一界面元素时，出现的菜单，不支持图标的显示。类似于普通桌面的右击键菜单，但是这里是点击超过两秒而显示的，，上下文菜单可以被注册到任何View对象中，如基本空间、布局控件、ListView和Spinner中的某一项。

   需要重写onContextItemSelected方法。

举例如下：

（1）例子1：

package com.example.l0826_optionmenu;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.SubMenu;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        menu.add(Menu.NONE, 1, Menu.NONE,"菜单1");
        menu.add(Menu.NONE, 2, Menu.NONE,"菜单2");
        menu.add(Menu.NONE, 3, Menu.NONE,"菜单3");
        menu.add(Menu.NONE, 4, Menu.NONE,"菜单4");
        menu.add(Menu.NONE, 5, Menu.NONE,"菜单5");
        SubMenu submenu=menu.addSubMenu(Menu.NONE, 6, Menu.NONE,"菜单6");
        submenu.setHeaderIcon(R.drawable.a1);
        submenu.setIcon(R.drawable.a2);
        submenu.add(Menu.NONE, 7, Menu.NONE,"子菜单7");
        submenu.add(Menu.NONE, 8, Menu.NONE,"子菜单8");
        submenu.add(Menu.NONE, 9, Menu.NONE,"子菜单9");
        return true;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        switch (item.getItemId()) {
        case 1:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单1",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 2:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单2",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 3:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单3",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 4:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单4",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 5:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单5",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 6:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单6",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 7:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单7",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 8:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单8",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 9:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单10",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

（2）例子2：

package com.example.l0826_optionmenu;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.SubMenu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private TextView tv;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        tv=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
        registerForContextMenu(tv);
    }
    @Override
                                                                             
    public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v,
            ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
        menu.add(Menu.NONE, 1, Menu.NONE,"菜单1");
        menu.add(Menu.NONE, 2, Menu.NONE,"菜单2");
        menu.add(Menu.NONE, 3, Menu.NONE,"菜单3");
        menu.add(Menu.NONE, 4, Menu.NONE,"菜单4");
        menu.add(Menu.NONE, 5, Menu.NONE,"菜单5");
        SubMenu submenu=menu.addSubMenu(Menu.NONE, 6, Menu.NONE,"子菜单");
        submenu.setHeaderIcon(R.drawable.a1);
        submenu.setIcon(R.drawable.a2);
        submenu.add(Menu.NONE, 7, Menu.NONE,"子菜单1");
        submenu.add(Menu.NONE, 8, Menu.NONE,"子菜单2");
        submenu.add(Menu.NONE, 9, Menu.NONE,"子菜单3");
        super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
    }
    @Override
    public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        switch (item.getItemId()) {
        case 1:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单1",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 2:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单2",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 3:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单3",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 4:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单4",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 5:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单5",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 6:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单6",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 7:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单7",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 8:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单8",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case 9:
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了菜单10",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
        return super.onContextItemSelected(item);
    }
}

三.Notification（通知栏）

   这一个我们直接看代码：

package com.example.l0826_notification;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //创建NotificationManager来管理Notification
        NotificationManager manager=(NotificationManager)getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
        //创建Notification的对象，可以直接通过参数设置图标、标题和id号
        Notification notification=new Notification(R.drawable.ic_launcher, "天气提示", 0);
        PendingIntent pending=PendingIntent.getActivity(MainActivity.this, 0,getIntent(), Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        notification.setLatestEventInfo(MainActivity.this, "哈尔滨天气预报", "晴，温暖", pending);
        manager.notify(0, notification);
    }
    @Override
    protected void onRestart() {
                                                          
        NotificationManager manager=(NotificationManager)getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
        manager.cancel(0);
        super.onRestart();
    }
}

四.TagHost（导航标签）

1.方式一：继承TabActivity的导航标签

package com.example.l0826_tabhost;
import android.app.TabActivity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat.Action;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.widget.TabHost;
public class MainActivity extends TabActivity {
                                        
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        TabHost th=getTabHost();
        LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.activity_main, th.getTabContentView(), true);
        th.addTab(th.newTabSpec("Tab1").setIndicator("导航1").setContent(new Intent(MainActivity.this,Act2.class)));
        th.addTab(th.newTabSpec("Tab2").setIndicator("导航2").setContent(R.id.layout));
    }
                                        
}

2.方式二：自定义TabHost

package com.example.jiuzhouzhanji;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TabHost;
import android.widget.TabHost.OnTabChangeListener;
import android.widget.TabWidget;
public class Act_001 extends Activity{
    private TabHost tabHost;
    private TabWidget tabWidget;
    private int p_w_picpathA[]={R.drawable.b007,R.drawable.b008,R.drawable.b006,R.drawable.b005};
    private int p_w_picpathB[]={R.drawable.b007_1,R.drawable.b008_1,R.drawable.b006_1,R.drawable.b005_1};
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.act_001);
        tabHost=(TabHost)findViewById(R.id.tabhost);
        tabHost.setup();
        tabWidget=tabHost.getTabWidget();
        tabHost.addTab(tabHost.newTabSpec("tab1")
                .setIndicator(createTabView(tabHost, p_w_picpathA[0])).setContent(R.id.tab1));
        tabHost.addTab(tabHost.newTabSpec("tab2")
                .setIndicator(createTabView(tabHost, p_w_picpathA[1])).setContent(R.id.tab2));
        tabHost.addTab(tabHost.newTabSpec("tab3")
                .setIndicator(createTabView(tabHost, p_w_picpathA[2])).setContent(R.id.tab3));
        tabHost.addTab(tabHost.newTabSpec("tab4")
                .setIndicator(createTabView(tabHost, p_w_picpathA[3])).setContent(R.id.tab4));
        showSpec();
        tabHost.setOnTabChangedListener(new OnTabChangeListener() {
            @Override
            public void onTabChanged(String tabId) {
                showSpec();
            }
        });
    }
    public void showSpec(){
        for(int i=0;i<tabWidget.getChildCount();i++){
            View view=tabWidget.getChildAt(i);
            if(tabHost.getCurrentTab()==i){
                view.setBackgroundResource(p_w_picpathA[i]);
            }else {
                view.setBackgroundResource(p_w_picpathB[i]);
            }
        }
    }
    public View createTabView (TabHost tabHost,int tabImage){
        View tabView=LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.cell, null);
        ImageView iv=(ImageView)tabView.findViewById(R.id.iv);
        iv.setBackgroundResource(tabImage);
        return tabView;
    }
}

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/wangzhaoli/1283027