Linux

study

acmer之ubuntu下安装Eclipse（附有CB16.01的安装和chrome的安装）

发现孤儿进程的ppid并不等于1，是967，这个967是桌面的祖先进程

ctrl+alt+F1进入字符界面,再次运行刚才程序,出现了结果,ppid=1.

ctrl+alt+F7进入图形界面，就可以继续愉快的图形界面了

pwd:print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径

 

 ps: process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器) 

 

常用参数：－auxf 

 

 ps -auxf 显示进程状态

 

 df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。

 

du: Disk usage 

 

rpm：即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的发明之一 

 

rmdir：Remove Directory（删除目录）

 

 rm：Remove（删除目录或文件）

 

 cat: concatenate 连锁

 

 cat file1file2>>file3 把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中

 

 insmod: install module,载入模块

 

ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式

 

mkdir：Make Directory(创建目录)

 

touch 

 

 man: Manual 

 

su：Swith user(切换用户)

 

cd：Change directory  

 

ls：List files  

 

ps：Process Status  

 

mkdir：Make directory  

 

rmdir：Remove directory  

 

mkfs: Make file system  

 

fsck：File system check  

 

uname: Unix name 

 

lsmod: List modules 

 

mv: Move file 

 

rm: Remove file 

 

cp: Copy file 

 

ln: Link files 

 

fg: Foreground 

 

bg: Background 

 

chown: Change owner 

 

chgrp: Change group

 

chmod: Change mode  

 

umount: Unmount 

 

dd: 本来应根据其功能描述“Convert an copy”命名为“cc”，但“cc”已经被用以代表“CComplier”，所以命名为“dd”

 

tar：Tape archive （磁带档案）

 

ldd：List dynamic dependencies  

 

insmod：Install module  

 

rmmod：Remove module  

 

lsmod：List module 

 

文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration 

 

Knnxxx /Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；

 

nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）

 

.a（扩展名a）：Archive，static library  

 

.so（扩展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library  

 

.o（扩展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file  

 

RPM：Red hat package manager  

 

dpkg：Debian package manager 

 

apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供）

 

部分Linux命令缩写

 

bin = Binaries (二进制文件)

 

/dev = Devices (设备)

 

/etc = Etcetera (等等)

 

/lib = LIBrary  

 

/proc = Processes 

 

/sbin = Superuser Binaries (超级用户的二进制文件)

 

/tmp = Temporary (临时)

 

/usr = Unix Shared Resources 

 

/var = Variable (变量) 

 

FIFO = First In, First Out 

 

GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader 

 

IFS= Internal Field Seperators 

 

LILO = LInux LOader 

 

MySQL = My 是最初作者女儿的名字，

 

SQL = Structured QueryLanguage  

 

PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP HypertextPreprocessor 

 

PS = Prompt String     

 

Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language"(实际的抽取和报告语言) ="Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister" 

 

Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python's Flying Circus 

 

Tcl = Tool Command Language  

 

Tk = ToolKit 

 

VT = Video Terminal 

 

YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool

 

apache = "a patchy" server 

 

apt = Advanced Packaging Tool 

 

ar = archiver 

 

as = assembler

 

awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan"三个作者的姓的第一个字母

 

bash = Bourne Again SHell 

 

bc = Basic (Better) Calculator 

 

bg = BackGround 

 

biff = 作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。

 

cal = Calendar (日历)

 

cat = Catenate (链接)

 

cd = Change Directory 

 

chgrp = Change Group 

 

chmod = Change Mode 

 

chown = Change Owner 

 

chsh = Change Shell 

 

cmp = compare  

 

cobra = Common Object Request BrokerArchitecture 

 

comm = common 

 

cp = Copy 

 

cpio = CoPy In and Out

 

cpp = C Pre Processor 

 

cron = Chronos 希腊文时间

 

cups = Common Unix Printing System 

 

cvs = Current Version System 

 

daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor 

 

dc = Desk Calculator 

 

dd = Disk Dump (磁盘转储)

 

df = Disk Free 

 

diff = Difference 

 

dmesg = diagnostic message 

 

du = Disk Usage 

 

ed = editor 

 

egrep = Extended GREP 

 

elf = Extensible Linking Format 

 

elm = ELectronic Mail 

 

emacs = Editor MACroS 

 

eval = EVALuate 

 

ex = EXtended 

 

exec = EXECute (执行)

 

fd = file descriptors 

 

fg = ForeGround

 

fgrep = Fixed GREP 

 

fmt = format 

 

fsck = File System ChecK 

 

fstab = FileSystem TABle 

 

fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager 

 

gawk = GNU AWK 

 

gpg = GNU Privacy Guard 

 

groff = GNU troff 

 

hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer 

 

joe = Joe's Own Editor 

 

ksh = Korn SHell 

 

lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder 

 

lex = LEXical analyser 

 

lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of IrritatingSuperfluous Parentheses 

 

ln = Link

 

lpr = Line PRint 

 

ls = list 

 

lsof = LiSt Open Files 

 

m4 = Macro processor Version 4 

 

man = MANual pages 

 

mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK

 

mc = Midnight Commander 

 

mkfs = MaKe FileSystem 

 

mknod = Make Node 

 

motd = Message of The Day 

 

mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa 

 

mtab = Mount TABle 

 

mv = Move 

 

nano = Nano's ANOther editor 

 

nawk = New AWK  

 

nl = Number of Lines 

 

nm = names 

 

nohup = No HangUP 

 

nroff = New ROFF 

 

od = Octal Dump 

 

passwd = Passwd

 

pg = pager 

 

pico = PIne's message COmposition editor 

 

pine = "Program for Internet News &Email" = "Pine is not Elm" 

 

ping = 拟声 又 = Packet Internet Grouper 

 

pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability 

 

popd = POP Directory

 

pr = pre 

 

printf = Print Formatted 

 

ps = Processes Status 

 

pty = pseudo tty 

 

pushd = PUSH Directory 

 

pwd = Print Working Directory 

 

rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell 

 

rev = REVerse 

 

rm = ReMove  

 

rn = Read News 

 

roff = RunOFF 

 

rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat PackageManager 

 

rsh, rlogin, rvim中的

 

r = Remote 

 

rxvt = ouR XVT 

 

seamoneky = 我

 

sed = Stream Editor 

 

seq = SEQuence 

 

shar = Shell ARchive 

 

slrn = S-Lang rn 

 

ssh = Secure Shell

 

ssl = Secure Sockets Layer 

 

stty = Set TTY 

 

su = Substitute User 

 

svn = SubVersion 

 

tar = Tape ARchive 

 

tcsh = TENEX C shell  

 

tee = T (T形水管接口) 

 

telnet = TEminaL over Network 

 

termcap = terminal capability 

 

terminfo = terminal information 

 

tex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art 

 

tr = traslate 

 

troff = Typesetter new ROFF 

 

tsort = Topological SORT 

 

tty = TeleTypewriter 

 

twm = Tom's Window Manager 

 

tz = TimeZone 

 

udev = Userspace DEV 

 

ulimit = User's LIMIT 

 

umask = User's MASK 

 

uniq = UNIQue

 

i = VIsual = Very Inconvenient 

 

vim = Vi IMproved 

 

wall = write all 

 

wc = Word Count   

 

wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator 

 

xargs = eXtended ARGuments 

 

xdm = X Display Manager 

 

xlfd = X Logical Font Description 

 

xmms = X Multimedia System 

 

xrdb = X Resources DataBase 

 

xwd = X Window Dump 

 

yacc = yet another compiler compiler 

 

Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell 

 

su = Switch User 

 

MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions 

 

ECMA = European Computer ManufacturersAssociation

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/BobHuang/p/9431892.html