linux常用命令全称

linux常用命令全拼 命令缩写：

pwd:print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径

ps: process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器)

常用参数：－auxf

ps -auxf 显示进程状态

df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。

du: Disk usage 磁盘使用率

rpm：即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的发明之一

rmdir：Remove Directory（删除目录）

rm：Remove（删除目录或文件）

cat: concatenate 连锁 把多个文本连接起来

cat file1file2>>file3 把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中

insmod: install module,载入模块

ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式

mkdir：Make Directory(创建目录)

touch 创建

man: Manual 手册

su：Swith user(切换用户)

cd：Change directory 改变目录

ls：List files 列文件

ps：Process Status 进程状态

mkdir：Make directory 创建目录

rmdir：Remove directory 删除空目录

mkfs: Make file system 制作文件系统

fsck：File system check 文件系统检查

uname -a : Unix name 显示系统信息

lsmod: List modules 列表模块

mv: Move file 移动文件

rm: Remove file 删除文件

cp: Copy file 复制文件

ln: Link files 连接文件

fg: Foreground 前台运行

bg: Background 后台运行

chown: Change owner 改变文件所有者

chgrp: Change group改变群组

chmod: Change mode 改变模式

umount: Unmount 卸载光盘

dd: 本来应根据其功能描述“Convert an copy”命名为“cc”，但“cc”已经被用以代表“CComplier”，所以命名为“dd”

tar：Tape archive （磁带档案）

ldd：List dynamic dependencies 列出动态依赖项

insmod：Install module 安装模块

rmmod：Remove module 删除模块

lsmod：List module 模块清单

文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration 资源配置

Knnxxx /Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）杀死；S(Service)服务；

nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）

.a（扩展名a）：Archive存档，static library 静态库

.so（扩展名so）：Shared object共享对象，dynamically linked library 动态链接库

.o（扩展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
对象文件，符合C/C++源文件的结果

RPM：Red hat package manager
红帽文件管理器
dpkg：Debian package manager
DEBIAN软件管理器
apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供）
高级封装工具
部分Linux命令缩写

bin = Binaries (二进制文件)

/dev = Devices (设备)

/etc = Etcetera (等等)

/lib = LIBrary 库

/proc = Processes 进程

/sbin = Superuser Binaries (超级用户的二进制文件)

/tmp = Temporary (临时)

/usr = Unix Shared Resources 用户资源

/var = Variable (变量)

FIFO = First In, First Out 有名管道

GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader 统一引导加载程序

IFS= Internal Field Seperators 内部场分离器
LILO = LInux LOader 负载器

MySQL = My 是最初作者女儿的名字，

SQL = Structured QueryLanguage 结构化查询语言

PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP HypertextPreprocessor
个人主页工具=php超文本处理器
PS = Prompt String
提示字符串
Perl = “Pratical Extraction and Report Language”(实际的抽取和报告语言) =“Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister”

Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python’s Flying Circus

Tcl = Tool Command Language 工具命令语言

Tk = ToolKit 调试工具

VT = Video Terminal 视频终端

YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool 另一个安装工具

apache = “a patchy” server 补丁 服务器

apt = Advanced Packaging Tool 高级包装工具

ar = archiver 存档器

as = assembler 汇编程序

awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan"三个作者的姓的第一个字母

bash = Bourne Again SHell 脚本语言

bc = Basic (Better) Calculator 基础的更好的计算器

bg = BackGround 后台运行

biff = 作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。

cal = Calendar (日历)

cat = Catenate (链接)

cd = Change Directory 改变目录

chgrp = Change Group 更改组名

chmod = Change Mode 更改模式

chown = Change Owner 更改所有者

chsh = Change Shell 更改脚本语言

cmp = compare 比较

cobra = Common Object Request BrokerArchitecture 比较对象请求代理架构

comm = common 常见的

cp = Copy 复制

cpio = CoPy In and Out 复制输入和输出

cpp = C Pre Processor C预处理器

cron = Chronos 希腊文时间

cups = Common Unix Printing System 通用的unix打印系统

cvs = Current Version System 当前版本系统

daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor 磁盘和执行监视器

dc = Desk Calculator 桌面计算器

dd = Disk Dump (磁盘转储)

df = Disk Free 磁盘空闲内存

diff = Difference 不同

dmesg = diagnostic message 诊断信息

du = Disk Usage

ed = editor

egrep = Extended GREP

elf = Extensible Linking Format

elm = ELectronic Mail

emacs = Editor MACroS

eval = EVALuate

ex = EXtended

exec = EXECute (执行)

fd = file descriptors

fg = ForeGround

fgrep = Fixed GREP

fmt = format

fsck = File System ChecK

fstab = FileSystem TABle

fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager

gawk = GNU AWK

gpg = GNU Privacy Guard

groff = GNU troff

hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer

joe = Joe’s Own Editor

ksh = Korn SHell

lame = Lame Ain’t an MP3 Encoder

lex = LEXical analyser

lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of IrritatingSuperfluous Parentheses

ln = Link

lpr = Line PRint

ls = list

lsof = LiSt Open Files

m4 = Macro processor Version 4

man = MANual pages

mawk = Mike Brennan’s AWK

mc = Midnight Commander

mkfs = MaKe FileSystem

mknod = Make Node

motd = Message of The Day

mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa

mtab = Mount TABle

mv = Move

nano = Nano’s ANOther editor

nawk = New AWK

nl = Number of Lines

nm = names

nohup = No HangUP

nroff = New ROFF

od = Octal Dump

passwd = Passwd

pg = pager

pico = PIne’s message COmposition editor

pine = “Program for Internet News &Email” = “Pine is not Elm”

ping = 拟声 又 = Packet Internet Grouper

pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability

popd = POP Directory

pr = pre

printf = Print Formatted

ps = Processes Status

pty = pseudo tty

pushd = PUSH Directory

pwd = Print Working Directory

rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell

rev = REVerse

rm = ReMove

rn = Read News

roff = RunOFF

rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat PackageManager

rsh, rlogin, rvim中的

r = Remote

rxvt = ouR XVT

seamoneky = 我

sed = Stream Editor

seq = SEQuence

shar = Shell ARchive

slrn = S-Lang rn

ssh = Secure Shell

ssl = Secure Sockets Layer

stty = Set TTY

su = Substitute User

svn = SubVersion

tar = Tape ARchive

tcsh = TENEX C shell

tee = T (T形水管接口)

telnet = TEminaL over Network

termcap = terminal capability

terminfo = terminal information

tex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art

tr = traslate

troff = Typesetter new ROFF

tsort = Topological SORT

tty = TeleTypewriter

twm = Tom’s Window Manager

tz = TimeZone

udev = Userspace DEV

ulimit = User’s LIMIT

umask = User’s MASK

uniq = UNIQue

i = VIsual = Very Inconvenient

vim = Vi IMproved

wall = write all

wc = Word Count

wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator

xargs = eXtended ARGuments

xdm = X Display Manager

xlfd = X Logical Font Description

xmms = X Multimedia System

xrdb = X Resources DataBase

xwd = X Window Dump

yacc = yet another compiler compiler

Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell

su = Switch User 切换用户

MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

ECMA = European Computer ManufacturersAssociation