Web Service（下）

4.WSDL文档

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<wsdl:definitions xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
    xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" 
    xmlns:tns="http://ws.day01_ws.atguigu.com/"
    xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" 
    xmlns:ns1="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"
    name="HelloWSImplService" 
    targetNamespace="http://ws.day01_ws.atguigu.com/">
    <!-- 
        types 
            schema : 定义了一些标签结构
     -->
    <wsdl:types>
        <xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
            xmlns:tns="http://ws.day01_ws.atguigu.com/" elementFormDefault="unqualified"
            targetNamespace="http://ws.day01_ws.atguigu.com/" version="1.0">
            
            <!-- 
                //用于请求
                <sayHello>
                    <arg0>string</arg0>
                </sayHello>
                    <q0:sayHello>
                        <arg0>BB</arg0> 
                    </q0:sayHello>
                    
                //用于响应
                <sayHelloResponse>
                    <return>string</return>
                </sayHelloResponse>
                    <ns2:sayHelloResponse">
                        <return>Hello BB</return> 
                    </ns2:sayHelloResponse>
             -->
            
            <xs:element name="sayHello" type="tns:sayHello" />
            <xs:element name="sayHelloResponse" type="tns:sayHelloResponse" />
            <xs:complexType name="sayHello">
                <xs:sequence>
                    <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="arg0" type="xs:string" />
                </xs:sequence>
            </xs:complexType>
            <xs:complexType name="sayHelloResponse">
                <xs:sequence>
                    <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="return" type="xs:string" />
                </xs:sequence>
            </xs:complexType>
        </xs:schema>
    </wsdl:types>
    
    
    <!-- 
        message: 用来定义消息的结构   soap消息
            part : 指定引用types中定义的标签片断
     -->
    
    <wsdl:message name="sayHelloResponse">
        <wsdl:part element="tns:sayHelloResponse" name="parameters">
        </wsdl:part>
    </wsdl:message>
    <wsdl:message name="sayHello">
        <wsdl:part element="tns:sayHello" name="parameters">
        </wsdl:part>
    </wsdl:message>
    
    
    <!-- 
        portType: 用来定义服务器端的SEI（WebService EndPoint Interface）
            operation : 用来指定SEI中的处理请求的方法
                input : 指定客户端应用传过来的数据，　会引用上面的定义的＜message＞
                output :　指定服务器端返回给客户端的数据，　会引用上面的定义的＜message＞
     -->
    <wsdl:portType name="HelloWS">
        <wsdl:operation name="sayHello">
            <wsdl:input message="tns:sayHello" name="sayHello">
            </wsdl:input>
            <wsdl:output message="tns:sayHelloResponse" name="sayHelloResponse">
            </wsdl:output>
        </wsdl:operation>
    </wsdl:portType>
    
    <!-- 
        binding : 用于定义SEI的实现类
            type属性: 引用上面的<portType>
            <soap:binding style="document"> : 绑定的数据是一个document(xml)
            operation : 用来定义实现的方法
                <soap:operation style="document" /> 传输的是document(xml)
                input: 指定客户端应用传过来的数据
                    <soap:body use="literal" /> : 文本数据
                output :　指定服务器端返回给客户端的数据
                    <soap:body use="literal" /> : 文本数据
     -->
    
    <wsdl:binding name="HelloWSImplServiceSoapBinding" type="tns:HelloWS">
        <soap:binding style="document"
            transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" />
        <wsdl:operation name="sayHello">
            <soap:operation soapAction="" style="document" />
            <wsdl:input name="sayHello">
                <soap:body use="literal" />
            </wsdl:input>
            <wsdl:output name="sayHelloResponse">
                <soap:body use="literal" />
            </wsdl:output>
        </wsdl:operation>
    </wsdl:binding>
    
    <!-- 
        service : 一个webservice的容器
            name属性: 它用来指定客户端容器类
            port : 用来指定一个服务器端处理请求的入口(就SEI的实现)
                binding属性: 引用上面定义的<binding>
                address : 当前webservice的请求地址
     -->
    <wsdl:service name="HelloWSImplService">
        <wsdl:port binding="tns:HelloWSImplServiceSoapBinding" name="HelloWSImplPort">
            <soap:address location="http://192.168.1.108:8888/day01_ws/hellows" />
        </wsdl:port>
    </wsdl:service>
</wsdl:definitions>

请求Web Service

import com.atguigu.day01_ws.ws.HelloWS;
import com.atguigu.day01_ws.ws.HelloWSImplService;

public class ClientTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HelloWSImplService factory = new HelloWSImplService();
        HelloWS hellWS = factory.getHelloWSImplPort();
        String result = hellWS.sayHello("BOB");
        System.out.println("client "+result);
    }
}

WSDL文档结构

<definitions>
    <types>
        <xs:schema>
            <xs:element>
        </xs:schema>
    </types>
    
    <message>
        <part>
    </message>
    
    <portType>
        <operation>
            <input>
            <output>
        </operation>
    </portType>
    
    <binding>
        <soap:binding/>
        <operation>
            <input>
            <output>
        </operation>
    </binding>
    
    <service>
        <port>
            <soap:address location="" />
        </port>
    </service>
</definitions>

WSDL文档图解

5.使用框架开发Web Service

Apache CXF继承了 Celtix 和 XFire 两大开源项目的精华，提供了对JAX-WS全面的支持，并且提供了多种 Binding 、DataBinding、Transport 以及各种 Format 的支持，并且可以根据实际项目的需要，采用代码优先（Code First）或者 WSDL 优先（WSDL First）来轻松地实现 Web Services 的发布和使用。
Apache CXF支持的数据类型有：int、float、String、自定义类型、集合、数组、List、Set、Map。

5.1 Web Service的请求流程

使用Apache CXF框架开发Web Service需要将相关的jar包导入到项目的类路径下，并且客户端使用wsdl2java命令生成客户端代码。

5.2 Apache CXF的拦截器

为了在Web Service请求过程中，能动态操作请求和响应数据，Apache CXF设计了拦截器。

package org.apache.cxf.interceptor;

import org.apache.cxf.message.Message;

/**
 * Base interface for all interceptors.
 */
public interface Interceptor<T extends Message> {
    /**
     * Intercepts a message. 
     * Interceptors should NOT invoke handleMessage or handleFault
     * on the next interceptor - the interceptor chain will
     * take care of this.
     * 
     * @param message
     */
    void handleMessage(T message) throws Fault;
    
    /**
     * Called for all interceptors (in reverse order) on which handleMessage
     * had been successfully invoked, when normal execution of the chain was
     * aborted for some reason.
     * 
     * @param message
     */
    void handleFault(T message);

}

5.3 用Apache CXF编写基于Spring的Web Service

5.3.1 服务器端

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws">
  
  
  <!-- 引cxf的一些核心配置 -->
   <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml" /> 
   <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-extension-soap.xml" />
   <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml" /> 
   
   <jaxws:endpoint 
     id="orderWS" 
     implementor="com.atguigu.day02_ws_cxf_spring.ws.OrderWSImpl" 
     address="/orderws">
        <!-- <jaxws:inInterceptors>
            <bean class="com.atguigu.day01_ws.interceptor.CheckUserInterceptor"></bean>
        </jaxws:inInterceptors> -->
    </jaxws:endpoint>
     
</beans>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>day02_ws_cxf_spring</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  <!-- 配置beans.xml -->
  <context-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:beans.xml</param-value>
   </context-param>
   
   <!-- 
        应用启动的一个监听器
    -->
   <listener>
      <listener-class>
         org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
      </listener-class>
   </listener>
   
   <!-- 
        所有请求都会先经过cxf框架
    -->
   <servlet>
      <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>
         org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet
      </servlet-class>
      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
   </servlet>
   <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5.3.2 客户端

client-beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws">
    <jaxws:client id="orderClient" 
        serviceClass= "com.atguigu.day02_ws_cxf_spring.ws.OrderWS" 
        address= "http://localhost/day02_ws_cxf_spring/orderws">
        
        
        <jaxws:outInterceptors>
            <bean class="org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingOutInterceptor"/>
            <bean class="com.atguigu.day01_ws_cxf_client.interceptor.AddUserInterceptor">
                <constructor-arg name="name" value="xfzhang"/>
                <constructor-arg name="password" value="123456"/>
            </bean>
        </jaxws:outInterceptors>
    </jaxws:client>
</beans>

测试

public class ClientTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]  {"client-beans.xml"});
        OrderWS orderWS = (OrderWS) context.getBean("orderClient");
        Order order = orderWS.getOrderById(24);
        System.out.println(order);
    }
}

5.4 通过Ajax请求Web Service

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript"> 
     function reqWebService() {
        var name = document.getElementById("name").value;
        var data = '<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soap:Body><ns2:sayHello xmlns:ns2="http://ws.day01_ws.atguigu.com/"><arg0>'+name+'</arg0></ns2:sayHello></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>';
        //XMLHttpRequest对象
        var request = getRequest();
        request.onreadystatechange = function(){
            if(request.readyState==4 && request.status==200) {
                var result = request.responseXML;
                alert(result);
                var returnEle = result.getElementsByTagName("return")[0];
                var value = returnEle.firstChild.data;
                alert(value);
            }
        };
        
        request.open("POST", "http://192.168.10.165:8888/day01_ws/datatypews");
        
        request.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
        
        request.send(data);
    }

    function getRequest() {
        var xmlHttp = null;
        try {
            // Firefox, Opera 8.0+, Safari  chrome
            xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
        } catch (e) {
            // Internet Explorer
            try {
                xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
            } catch (e) {
                xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
            }
        }
        return xmlHttp;
    } 
</script>
</head>
<body>
    用户名:
    <input id="name" name="username" value="" />
    <br>
    <button onclick="reqWebService()">AJax请求webservice</button>
</body>
</html>

5.4.1 通过JQuery请求Web Service

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-1.7.2.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">

    $(function(){       
        $("#btn").click(function(){ //回调函数
            var name = document.getElementById("name").value;
            var data = '<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soap:Body><ns2:sayHello xmlns:ns2="http://ws.day01_ws.atguigu.com/"><arg0>'+name+'</arg0></ns2:sayHello></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>';
            //alert(data);
            /* $.post(
                "http://192.168.10.165:8888/day01_ws/datatypews",
                data,
                function(msg){
                    alert("------");
                    var $Result = $(msg);
                    var value = $Result.find("return").text();
                    alert(value);
                },
                "xml"
            ); */
            
            $.ajax({
                type : "post",
                url : "http://192.168.10.165:8888/day01_ws/datatypews",
                data : data,
                success : function(msg){
                    alert("------");
                    var $Result = $(msg);
                    var value = $Result.find("return").text();
                    alert(value);
                },
                error : function(msg) {
                    //alert("-----"+msg);
                },
                dataType : "xml"
            });
        });
    });
</script>
</head>
<body>
    用户名:
    <input id="name" name="username" value="" />
    <br>
    <button id="btn">Jquery请求webservice</button>
</body>
</html>

5.4.2 HttpUrlConnection请求WebService

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-1.7.2.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">

    $(function(){       
        $("#btn2").click(function(){
            var name = document.getElementById("name").value;
            $.post(
                "HttpURLConnectionServlet",
                "name="+name,
                function(msg) {
                    //alert(msg);
                    var $Result = $(msg);
                    var value = $Result.find("return").text();
                    alert(value);
                },
                "xml"
            );
        });
    });
</script>
</head>
<body>
    用户名:
    <input id="name" name="username" value="" />
    <br>
    <button id="btn2">HttpURLConnection请求webservice</button>
</body>
</html>

public class HttpURLConnectionServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String name = request.getParameter("name");
        System.out.println("doPost "+name);
        
        String data = "<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/'><soap:Body><ns2:sayHello xmlns:ns2='http://ws.day01_ws.atguigu.com/'><arg0>"+name+"</arg0></ns2:sayHello></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>";
        URL url = new URL("http://192.168.10.165:8888/day01_ws/datatypews");
        
        HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
        
        connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
        connection.setDoOutput(true);
        connection.setDoInput(true);
        connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=utf-8");
        
        OutputStream os = connection.getOutputStream();
        os.write(data.getBytes("utf-8"));
        
        int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
        if(responseCode==200) {
            InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();//String xml
            System.out.println("return "+is.available());
            
            response.setContentType("text/xml;charset=utf-8");
            ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
            
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int len = 0;
            while((len=is.read(buffer))>0) {
                outputStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
            }
            outputStream.flush();
        }
    }

}

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/gzhjj/p/9186036.html