对象池技术可以避免在程序的生命期中创建和删除大量对象。如果知道程序需要同一类型的大量对象,而且对象的生命期都很短,就可以为这些对象创建一个池(pool)进行缓存。
对象池实现中最难的一方面是记录哪些对象是空闲的,哪些对象正在使用。这个实现采用了下列做法:把空闲对象的指针保存在一个队列中,每次请求一个对象,池就会把队列中的第一个对象交给客户,如果所有空闲都用完,才进行新的分配内存
另外,使用一个向量记录所有已分配的对象,这个向量仅在撤销池时才会用到,以便释放所有对象的内存,从而避免内存泄露。
#include <iostream>
#include <queue>
#include <vector>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <memory>
using std::queue;
using std::vector;
template <typename T>
class ObjectPool
{
public:
ObjectPool(int chunkSize = kDefaultChunkSize)
throw(std::invalid_argument, std::bad_alloc);
~ObjectPool();
T& acquireObject();
void releaseObject(T& obj);
int getFreeNum(){ return mFreeList.size();}
protected:
queue<T *> mFreeList;
vector<T *> mAllObjects;
int mChunkSize;
static const int kDefaultChunkSize = 10;
void allocateChunk();
static void arrayDeleteObject(T *obj);
private:
ObjectPool(const ObjectPool<T>& src);
ObjectPool & operator=(const ObjectPool<T>& rhs);
};
template <typename T>
ObjectPool<T>::ObjectPool(int chunkSize) throw(std::invalid_argument, std::bad_alloc) : mChunkSize(chunkSize)
{
if(mChunkSize <= 0)
{
throw std::invalid_argument("chunk size must be positive");
}
allocateChunk();
}
template <typename T>
void ObjectPool<T>::allocateChunk()
{
T *newObject = new T[mChunkSize];
mAllObjects.push_back(newObject);
for(int i = 0; i < mChunkSize; ++i)
{
mFreeList.push(&newObject[i]);
}
}
template <typename T>
void ObjectPool<T>::arrayDeleteObject(T *obj)
{
delete [] obj;
}
template <typename T>
ObjectPool<T>::~ObjectPool()
{
for_each(mAllObjects.begin(), mAllObjects.end(), arrayDeleteObject);
}
template <typename T>
T &ObjectPool<T>::acquireObject()
{
std::cout << getFreeNum() << " ";
if(mFreeList.empty())
{
std::cout << "failed! need allocate one again" << std::endl;
allocateChunk();
}
T *pobj = mFreeList.front();
mFreeList.pop();
std::cout << "ok" << std::endl;
return (*pobj);
}
template <typename T>
void ObjectPool<T>::releaseObject(T &obj)
{
mFreeList.push(&obj);
}
class UserRequest
{
public:
UserRequest() {}
~UserRequest() {}
protected:
//
};
int main()
{
ObjectPool<UserRequest> objpool(10);
for(int i=0; i < 30; ++i)
{
UserRequest ur=objpool.acquireObject();
}
system("PAUSE");
return 0;
}