HFSS使用记录

一、基本设置

1、Tools \ Options，各种基本设置

　　1.1 Tools \ Options \ HFSS Options-> Duplicate boundaries/mesh operations with geometry , 被复制的集合图形，默认拥有同样的边界特性

　　1.2 Tools \ Options \ Modeler Options-> (operations)Auto cover closed ploylines, 自动充满闭合的折线（封闭的线当做一个面）；（drawing）Edite properties of new primitives，添加新的xx时，编辑属性

　　1.3 Tools \ Options \ Modeler Options-> (project options) when create a new project, insert a design of type HFSS。当新建一个工程时，插入HFSS类型的设计。

　　1.4 Tools \ Options \ General Options->(default units) 系统默认度量单位设置，比如，mm或mil

2、Modelers \ Units，当前使用单位设置

3、HFSS \ Solution Type，当前设计的种类，有以下四种：

　　① [Driven Mode] is for calculating the mode-based S-parameters of passive, high-frequency structures such as microstrips, waveguides, and transmission lines which are "driven" by a source, and for computing incident plane wave scattering. The S-matrix solution will be expressed in terms of the incident and reflected powers of waveguide modes.

　　② [Driven Terminal] is for calculating the terminal-based S-parameters of passive, high-frequency structures with multi-conductor transmission line ports. This solution type results in a terminal-based description in terms of voltages and currents.

　　③ [Eigen Mode] is for calculating the Eigenmodes, or resonances, of a structure. The Eigenmode solver finds the resonant frequencies of the structure and the fields at those resonant frequencies. Eigenmode designs cannot contain design parameters that depend on frequency.

　　④ [Transient] is for calculating problems in the time domain. It employs a time-domain "transient" solver. Typically applications include (The mode appears from HFSS 13)

 

二、画图

1、指定材料

　　快捷工具行，有vacuum字样为选择材料，点击select。选择已有材料或新添加。

1、Solid，立体或固体

　　如果是画一个长方体，可以有两种方式:

　　① Draw Line，Type为Rectangle，指定With和Height。如果是仿真传输线，推荐这种方式。

　　② Draw Box。

2、Sheet，二维图或薄片

　　可以理解为一片纸，我们不知道它的厚度；暂时不知道系统是如何对待二维图形的：

　　① Draw Line，Type 为Rectangle，只指定With或Height。

　　② Draw Rectangle。

3、设置变量

　　我们定义某个立体图形尺寸时，是可以使用变量的。比如，上面BOX的长，我们可以设置为L，然后，我们给L指定值。

4、选择face或者object

　　① 在无命令激活的状态下，点击鼠标右键。在弹出菜单里可以快速选择select object 或 select face。

　　② Edit / Select / Select Object 或Select Face。

　　Tips:可以用Edit / Select / Select by name 来精确选择。

5、编辑图形

　　这里包括了move，rotate，mirror，duplicate等，调出菜单的方式主要有：

　　① Edit/ Arrange 或Edit/ Duplicate

　　② 选择物体，在其name上右键，选择弹出菜单中的Edit/Arrange或Edit/Duplicate。

 

三、仿真设置

1、HFSS \ Excitations \ Assign \ Wave Port或Lumped Port

　　是把某个face给assign成为wave port，所以，操作前要先选择一个face；另外，前面选择HFSS设计solution type不同，这里添加的port类型也不同。

　　关于Wave Port和Lumped Port的区别问题：

With lump port=> the excitation is applied at a point/cell, as a voltage or current. 
With wave-port=> the excitation is so-called eigen-wave, such as the quasi-tem wave supported by a microstrip line. It applies over a cross-sectional area. 

voltage is scalar, wave is vector by nature, hence there are substantial difference between the two. So use waveport whenever possible, because "simulation of wave phenomenon" is what HFSS is designed for. And compare with the "correct" measurement whenever possible (i.e. measure "wave", not simply "voltage"). 

Why lumped port is there? It is easy to applied and people found that good/reasonable results can be obtained. Why? if the frequency is low enough or the excitation is applied at sufficiently small area, then the "wave" can be described by some "voltage" or "current", which must be "measured"/"calculated"/de-embedded/etc in the correct manner. 

if the excitation can be applied on some locally uniform region=>waveport, 
if geometry/material discontinuities are near/closer to the point of excitation=>lumped port might be the only way. 

2、HFSS \ Analysis Setup \ Add Solution Setup

　　添加一个仿真。General里主要设置三个参数：

　　①[Solution Frequency]若取整個系統設計的最大考慮頻寬，mesh會切最多，模擬時間較長，但模擬也會最準。

　　②[Maximum Number of Passes] is the maximum number of mesh refinement cycles for HFSS to perform.

　　还有Options选项卡里的参数：

　　①[Minimum Converged Passes]

　　②[Enable Iterative Solver]The iterative solver significantly reduces memory usage, and it can also provide a savings in the solution time for large simulations.

3、HFSS \ Analysis Setup \ Add Frequency Sweep

　　添加频率扫描，注意，是在上一个仿真的基础上加的。单独是没法完成的。

4、HFSS \ Validation Check

　　这里是检查是否已经进行了完整的设置，是否可以执行analyze。如果可以，那么，就进行HFSS\ Analyze all吧！

 

四、生成报告

1、HFSS \ Results \ Solution Data

　　生成仿真基本情况的报告，包括了：Profile（仿真耗时、占用计算机资源等信息）、Convergence（做了多少次迭代才得到收敛值）、matrixs（）、mesh statistics（切了多少mesh）。电脑不同这里的值差别蛮大，我的破电脑居然能跑很快，让我很惊讶。

2、HFSS \ Results \ Create Terminal Solution Data Report \ Rectangular Plot

　　S参数的report，反正在弹出的框框里选你要的参数，然后new report 或者add trace就好了，直接会有你要的数据被绘制到图中。你也可以选在export matrix data（导出仿真数据）或者equivalent circuit export（等效电路导出，PSpice.lib或HSPICE.sp）。

3、HFSS \ Fields \ Fields \ E \ Mag_E

　　查看场覆盖图。需要先选择你要观察的平面。具体各种model的含义。

Mag E                 电场模                V/m

Mag H                 磁场模               Amps/m

Mag Jvol              体电流密度模         Amps/m2

Mag Jsurf             面电流密度模         Amps/m

Complex MagE          电场复数模           V/m

Complex MagH          磁场复数模           Amps/m

Complex Mag Jvol      体电流密度的复数模   Amps/m2

Complex Mag Jsurf     面电流密度的复数模   Amps/m

Vector E                       电场                 V/m

Vector H                       磁场                Amps/m

Vector Jvol                   体电流密度J(x,y,z)           Amps/m2

Vector Jsurf                 面电流密度J(x,y,z)           Amps/m

Vector Real Poynting  坡印亭矢量，定义为E x H*     W/m2

Local SAR                    特定吸收率                   W/kg

Average SAR              平均特定吸收率               W/kg 

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