linux malloc 多线程,c-malloc如何在多线程环境中工作？

ptmalloc操作多个分配区域。 每个竞技场都有自己的锁。 当线程需要分配内存时，malloc()会选择一个竞技场，将其锁定并从中分配内存。

选择竞技场的机制有些复杂，旨在减少锁争用：

/* arena_get() acquires an arena and locks the corresponding mutex.

First, try the one last locked successfully by this thread. (This

is the common case and handled with a macro for speed.) Then, loop

once over the circularly linked list of arenas. If no arena is

readily available, create a new one. In this latter case, `size'

is just a hint as to how much memory will be required immediately

in the new arena. */

考虑到这一点，ptmalloc基本上看起来像这样(为简洁起见编辑)：

mstate ar_ptr;

void *victim;

arena_lookup(ar_ptr);

arena_lock(ar_ptr, bytes);

if(!ar_ptr)

return 0;

victim = _int_malloc(ar_ptr, bytes);

if(!victim) {

/* Maybe the failure is due to running out of mmapped areas. */

if(ar_ptr != &main_arena) {

(void)mutex_unlock(&ar_ptr->mutex);

ar_ptr = &main_arena;

(void)mutex_lock(&ar_ptr->mutex);

victim = _int_malloc(ar_ptr, bytes);

(void)mutex_unlock(&ar_ptr->mutex);

} else {

/* ... or sbrk() has failed and there is still a chance to mmap() */

ar_ptr = arena_get2(ar_ptr->next ? ar_ptr : 0, bytes);

(void)mutex_unlock(&main_arena.mutex);

if(ar_ptr) {

victim = _int_malloc(ar_ptr, bytes);

(void)mutex_unlock(&ar_ptr->mutex);

}

}

} else

(void)mutex_unlock(&ar_ptr->mutex);

return victim;

该分配器称为ptmalloc。它基于Doug Lea的早期工作，并由Wolfram Gloger维护。