装箱是将值类型转换为 object
类型或由此值类型实现的任何接口类型的过程。 当 CLR 对值类型进行装箱时,会将该值包装到 System.Object 内部,再将后者存储在托管堆上。 取消装箱将从对象中提取值类型。 装箱是隐式的;取消装箱是显式的。 装箱和取消装箱的概念是类型系统 C# 统一视图的基础,其中任一类型的值都被视为一个对象。
在下面的示例中,将整型变量 i
进行了装箱并分配给对象 o
。
int i = 123; // The following line boxes i. object o = i;
然后,可以将对象 o
取消装箱并分配给整型变量 i
:
o = 123; i = (int)o; // unboxing
以下示例演示如何在 C# 中使用装箱。 // String.Concat example. // String.Concat has many versions. Rest the mouse pointer on // Concat in the following statement to verify that the version // that is used here takes three object arguments. Both 42 and // true must be boxed. Console.WriteLine(String.Concat("Answer", 42, true)); // List example. // Create a list of objects to hold a heterogeneous collection // of elements. List<object> mixedList = new List<object>(); // Add a string element to the list. mixedList.Add("First Group:"); // Add some integers to the list. for (int j = 1; j < 5; j++) { // Rest the mouse pointer over j to verify that you are adding // an int to a list of objects. Each element j is boxed when // you add j to mixedList. mixedList.Add(j); } // Add another string and more integers. mixedList.Add("Second Group:"); for (int j = 5; j < 10; j++) { mixedList.Add(j); } // Display the elements in the list. Declare the loop variable by // using var, so that the compiler assigns its type. foreach (var item in mixedList) { // Rest the mouse pointer over item to verify that the elements // of mixedList are objects. Console.WriteLine(item); } // The following loop sums the squares of the first group of boxed // integers in mixedList. The list elements are objects, and cannot // be multiplied or added to the sum until they are unboxed. The // unboxing must be done explicitly. var sum = 0; for (var j = 1; j < 5; j++) { // The following statement causes a compiler error: Operator // '*' cannot be applied to operands of type 'object' and // 'object'. //sum += mixedList[j] * mixedList[j]); // After the list elements are unboxed, the computation does // not cause a compiler error. sum += (int)mixedList[j] * (int)mixedList[j]; } // The sum displayed is 30, the sum of 1 + 4 + 9 + 16. Console.WriteLine("Sum: " + sum); // Output: // Answer42True // First Group: // 1 // 2 // 3 // 4 // Second Group: // 5 // 6 // 7 // 8 // 9 // Sum: 30
备注:摘自https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/yz2be5wk.aspx
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/jiaojusuimu/1877254