转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/liu-yao/p/5378960.html


环境:

CentOS 7

nginx/1.9.12

Python 2.7.5

一:安装依赖包5

yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel 
sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel python-pip  -y

二:安装uwsgi

uwsgi:https://pypi.python.org/pypi/uWSGIuwsgi参数详解:http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/Options.htmlpip install uwsgi
uwsgi --version

三:测试uwsgi是否正常:

新建test.py文件,内容如下:def application(env, start_response):
    start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])    return "liuyao"然后在终端运行:

uwsgi --http :8080 --wsgi-file test.py

在浏览器内输入:http://127.0.0.1:8080,
看是否有“liuyao”输出,若没有输出,请检查你的安装过程。

四:安装django

pip install django

测试django是否正常,运行:

django-admin.py startproject newsite
cd newsite
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000在浏览器内输入:http://127.0.0.1:8000,检查django是否运行正常。

五:安装nginx

1.下载
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz2.解压
tar xf nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz3.编译
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.9.12 \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module4.安装
make && make install
注:您可自行改变参数设置,具体请上官网学习,如果已经存在nginx服务,那么此步可省略

六:配置uwsgi

uwsgi支持ini、xml等多种配置方式,但个人感觉ini更方便:

在/ect/目录下新建uwsgi.ini,添加如下配置:
[uwsgi]
socket = 127.0.0.1:9090 //运行端口号master = true           //主进程vhost = true           //多站模式no-stie = true         //多站模式时不设置入口模块和文件workers = 2            //子进程数reload-mercy = 10     vacuum = true          //退出、重启时清理文件max-requests = 1000   limit-as = 512buffer-sizi = 30000pidfile = /var/run/uwsgi.pid    //pid文件,用于下面的脚本启动、停止该进程
daemonize = /日志目录/uwsgi.log
启动方式:
uwsgi /etc/uwsgi.ini

七:设置nginx

找到nginx的安装目录,打开conf/nginx.conf文件,修改server配置

server {
        listen       80;      //设置网站运行端口
        server_name  localhost;  
        
        location / {            
            include  uwsgi_params;
            uwsgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9090;         //必须和uwsgi中的设置一致
            uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT newsite.wsgi;  //入口文件,即wsgi.py相对于项目根目录的位置,“.”相当于一层目录
            uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /newsite;       //项目根目录,
            index  index.html index.htm;
            client_max_body_size 35m;
        }
     }

注:
1.uwsgi脚本

请放在/etc/init.d/uwsgi 设置可执行

DESC="uwsgi daemon"NAME=uwsgi
DAEMON=/usr/bin/uwsgi
CONFIGFILE=/etc/$NAME.ini
PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAMEset -e[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0    
do_start() {$DAEMON $CONFIGFILE || echo -n "uwsgi  running" }do_stop() {    $DAEMON --stop $PIDFILE || echo -n "uwsgi not running"
    rm -f $PIDFILE
    echo "$DAEMON STOPED."}do_reload() {    $DAEMON --reload $PIDFILE || echo -n "uwsgi can't reload"}do_status() {
    ps aux|grep $DAEMON}case "$1" instatus)    echo -en "Status $NAME: \n"
    do_status
;;
start)    echo -en "Starting $NAME: \n"
    do_start
;;
stop)    echo -en "Stopping $NAME: \n"
    do_stop
;;  
reload|graceful)    echo -en "Reloading $NAME: \n"
    do_reload
;;
*)    echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload}" >&2    exit 3
;;esacexit 0

八:测试

OK,一切配置完毕,在终端运行

/etc/init.d/uwsgi start/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 或者直接启动

在浏览器输入:http://127.0.0.1,恭喜你可以看到django的“It work”了~

九:多站配置

使用多个uwsgi服务的方法来实现多个站点。

重复第六步,创建uwsgi9091.ini,并相应修改文件中的

socket = 127.0.0.1:9091pidfile = /var/run/uwsgi9091.piddaemonize = /日志目录/uwsgi9091.log

并且设置脚本 启动服务

然后新建nginx的配置文件为:

server {
    listen  8000;
    server_name 127.0.0.1;
    location / {            
        include  uwsgi_params;
        uwsgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9091;
        uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT oldsite.wsgi;
        uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /web/oldsite;        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
}

然后我们就可以通过http://127.0.0.1:8000来访问新的网站了。

完毕!


另一篇,转自ALEX:


uwsgi介绍


uWSGI是一个Web服务器,它实现了WSGI协议、uwsgi、http等协议。Nginx中HttpUwsgiModule的作用是与uWSGI服务器进行交换。


要注意 WSGI / uwsgi / uWSGI 这三个概念的区分。


WSGI是一种Web服务器网关接口。它是一个Web服务器(如nginx,uWSGI等服务器)与web应用(如用Flask框架写的程序)通信的一种规范。

uwsgi是一种线路协议而不是通信协议,在此常用于在uWSGI服务器与其他网络服务器的数据通信。

而uWSGI是实现了uwsgi和WSGI两种协议的Web服务器。

uwsgi协议是一个uWSGI服务器自有的协议,它用于定义传输信息的类型(type of information),每一个uwsgi packet前4byte为传输信息类型描述,它与WSGI相比是两样东西。

uWSGI的主要特点如下


超快的性能

低内存占用(实测为apache2的mod_wsgi的一半左右)

多app管理(终于不用冥思苦想下个app用哪个端口比较好了-.-)

详尽的日志功能(可以用来分析app性能和瓶颈)

高度可定制(内存大小限制,服务一定次数后重启等)

Uwsgi 安装使用


# Install the latest stable release:

pip install uwsgi

# ... or if you want to install the latest LTS (long term support) release,

pip install https://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-lts.tar.gz

基本测试


Create a file called test.py:


# test.py

def application(env, start_response):

    start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])

    return [b"Hello World"] # python3

    #return ["Hello World"] # python2

运行


uwsgi --http :8000 --wsgi-file test.py

用uwsgi 启动django


uwsgi --http :8000 --module mysite.wsgi

可以把参数写到配置文件里


root@ubuntu:~/uwsgi-test$ more crazye-uwsgi.ini

 

 

[uwsgi]

http = :9000

#the local unix socket file than commnuincate to Nginx

socket = 127.0.0.1:8001

# the base directory (full path)

chdir = /home/alex/CrazyEye

# Django's wsgi file

wsgi-file = CrazyEye/wsgi.py

# maximum number of worker processes

processes = 4

#thread numbers startched in each worker process

threads = 2

 

#monitor uwsgi status

stats = 127.0.0.1:9191

# clear environment on exit

vacuum          = true


启动


/usr/local/bin/uwsgi crazye-uwsgi.ini

Nginx安装使用


sudo apt-get install nginx

sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start    # start nginx

为你的项目生成Nginx配置文件


You will need the uwsgi_params file, which is available in the nginx directory of the uWSGI distribution, or from https://github.com/nginx/nginx/blob/master/conf/uwsgi_params


Copy it into your project directory. In a moment we will tell nginx to refer to it.


Now create a file called mysite_nginx.conf, and put this in it:


# mysite_nginx.conf

 

# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to

upstream django {

    # server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket

    server 127.0.0.1:8001; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)

}

 

# configuration of the server

server {

    # the port your site will be served on

    listen      8000;

    # the domain name it will serve for

    server_name .example.com; # substitute your machine's IP address or FQDN

    charset     utf-8;

 

    # max upload size

    client_max_body_size 75M;   # adjust to taste

 

    # Django media

    location /media  {

        alias /path/to/your/mysite/media;  # your Django project's media files - amend as required

    }

 

    location /static {

        alias /path/to/your/mysite/static; # your Django project's static files - amend as required

    }

 

    # Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.

    location / {

        uwsgi_pass  django;

        include     /path/to/your/mysite/uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed

    }

}

This conf file tells nginx to serve up media and static files from the filesystem, as well as handle requests that require Django’s intervention. For a large deployment it is considered good practice to let one server handle static/media files, and another handle Django applications, but for now, this will do just fine.


Symlink to this file from /etc/nginx/sites-enabled so nginx can see it:


sudo ln -s ~/path/to/your/mysite/mysite_nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

Deploying static files


Before running nginx, you have to collect all Django static files in the static folder. First of all you have to edit mysite/settings.py adding:



STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")

and then run


python manage.py collectstatic

  


此时启动Nginx 和Uwsgi,你的django项目就可以实现高并发啦!