词
go
为例,将其
-ing
各种形式列表如下:
动词语态
形式
及物动词
make
不及物动词
go
主动语态
被动语态
主动语态
一般式
making
being made
going
完成式
having made
having been made
having gone
2.
–
ing
形式的基本用法。
(1)
作主语:
Seeing
is believing.
百闻不如一见。
Talking
is easier than doing.
–
ing
作主语时,
如果其结构较长,
可以用
it
作形式主语,
而将作主语的
-ing
后置。
如:
It isn
’t much good
writing to them again
.
It’s no use
waiting here
.
(2)
作表语:
Her
job
is
washing
and
cooking
.
My
hobby
is
collecting
stamps.
(3)
作宾语:○
1
作及物动词的宾语。
She likes
drawing
very much. ;
○
2
作某些动词短语的宾语。
Mary is thinking of
going back to New York
. ;
○
3
do +
限定词(
my, some, any, the
等)
+ -ing ,
表示“做……事”之意。如:
We
often
do
our
cleaning
on
Saturday
afternoon.
Will
you
do
any
shopping
this
afternoon?
○
4
作介词的宾语:
Her sister is good at
learning physics
.
○
5
作形容词(
be
)
worth / busy
等的宾语:
This book is well worth
reading
.
○
6
–
ing
作宾语带有宾语补足语时,要用
it
作为形式宾语,而将作宾语的
-ing
后
置,如:
We found it no good
talking like that
.
Do you think it necessary
trying
again
?
(4)
作定语:
The
sleeping
child is only five years old.
Do you know the man
standing at the gate
?
注:
-ing
形式作定语用时,如果
-ing
只是一个单词,就位于
其修饰的名词之前,
如果是
-ing
短语,
就位于其修饰的名词之后。
-ing
作定语时,
被
-ing
修饰的名词就是该
-ing
的逻辑主语。另外,
-ing
作定语用时,其动作和句
子谓语动词所表示的动作是同时进行的,如果不是同时进行的,就不能用
-ing
作
定语,要使用定语从句,如:
The girl who wrote a letter there yesterday can speak
English very well.
(5)
作宾语补足语:
We can see steam
rising
from the wet clothes.
注:当
-ing
在复合宾语中作宾语补足语用时,句中宾语就是这个
-ing
的逻辑主语,可以