动词ing基本用法_英语语法 | 动词ing形式作状语

动词-ing形式作状语

我们在高一已经学习过动词-ing形式的用法，现在简要回顾一下其作状语的用法。

【归纳】

★动词-ing形式可以作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果或伴随情况等。此外，动词-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致。如：

Hearing someone call his name, David went out to see who it was.

Being ill for a few days, she doesn't feel like eating anything.

Looking on the bright side of things, you will live happily.

Weighing almost one hundred kilos, the stone was moved by the boy alone.

The song Little Apple is sung all over the country, making it very popular.

The guests sat at the table, chatting and laughing.

★动词-ing形式的一般式所表示的动作常与谓语动作同时发生，其完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。如：

Reading the book alone in his room, Peter nodded from time to time.

Having eaten too much for supper, Tom couldn't go to sleep.

★动词-ing形式的否定形式常在其前面加not。如：

Not being noticed by anyone, she left the room.

Not having done it right, I tried again.

★动词-ing形式作状语时，其前往往可以加when, while, if, unless, once, though等连词，构成“连词+动词-ing形式”结构。如：

When visiting the Great Wall, they made a side trip to the nearby villages.

Though living near my aunt's house, I seldom see her these days.

★动词-ing形式的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，可将其逻辑主语置于其前，构成独立主格结构。如：

The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the cave.

★动词-ing形式或独立主格结构作状语时，可转换为相对应的状语从句。如：

Hearing the sad story, Emma was moved to tears. = When she heard the sad story, Emma was moved to tears.

Not having done physical exercise for some time, Tim is not as energetic as before. = Because he hasn't done physical exercise for some time, Tim is not as energetic as before.

Time permitting, I'd like to see the new film. = If time permits, I'd like to see the new film.

【即学即练】 用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面短文。

1. ________ (cause) more serious accidents last year than ever, young motorists now face stricter rules from the US Traffic Safety Board. 2. ________ (concern) for the safety of people, experts hold the view that young drivers especially should be banned from the roads at night. 3. ________ (have) a few drinks with their friends in a pub, young motorists often feel overconfident behind the wheel. The worst time for accidents is Friday and Saturday nights. Although 4. ________ (drive) less than adults at night, teenagers are involved in more deathly accidents.

In many southern states, with an adult holding a driving license 5. ________ (sit) beside them, children of 15 or 16 are allowed to drive. The state issuing driving licenses to the youngest drivers is Arkansas. There children of 14 may drive under supervision (监督) of an adult. 6. ________ (drive) for two years the teenagers are then issued an official license. They are only 16. Most experts agree that, 7. ________ (be) so young, youths cannot all be expected to act like responsible drivers. 8. ________ (realize) this, several states have started to change the respective state laws. 

答案

1. Having caused     2. Concerned 

3. Having had     4. driving / having driven

5. sitting     6. Having driven

7. being     8. Having realized / Realizing

以上内容选自《英语周报》，转载请注明出处。版权所有，侵权必究。