0.前期准备(目录设定，yum安装相关依赖包)
# /usr/local/ 安装目录
# /data/src/ 源文件包目录
# yum install gcc gcc-c++ automake autoconf libtool make cmake
1.安装nginx
nginx依赖以下模块：
rewrite模块需要 pcre 库
ssl 功能需要openssl库
gzip模块需要 zlib 库
1.1安装pcre
# tar -zxvf pcre-8.38.tar.gz
# cd pcre-8.38
# ./configure
# make & make install1.2安装openssl
# tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz
# cd openssl-1.0.1c
# ./config
# make & make install1.3安装zlib
# tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
# cd zlib-1.2.8
# ./configure
# make & make install1.4安装nginx
先建立www用户组，www用户
# groupadd www
# useradd -g www www接着配置时，直接指定pcre,zlib,openssl的路径
# tar -zxvf nginx-1.4.2.tar.gz
# cd nginx-1.4.2
# ./configure --with-http_ssl_module \--with-pcre=/data/src/pcre-8.38 \--with-zlib=/data/src/zlib-1.2.8 \--with-openssl=/data/src/openssl-1.0.1c
# make & make install没有报错的话，就说明安装成功了。接下来配置nginx。路径位于/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf，路径不同的话，可以用命令查找一下 locate nginx.conf，贴上我的配置：
nginx.conf
user www www;
worker_processes 10;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 51200;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
server_tokens off;
expires 1h;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
error_page 404 /404.jpg;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 20;
fastcgi_send_timeout 30;
fastcgi_read_timeout 120;
fastcgi_buffer_size 256k;
fastcgi_buffers 8 256k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
fastcgi_temp_path /dev/shm;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 2048;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain text/css application/xml application/x-javascript ;
log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/www;
charset utf-8;
expires 2h;
location ~ .*\.php$
{
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
expires off;
}
if ( $request_uri ~* (\.svn|\.swp) ) { return 404; }
access_log off;
}
}测试配置文件是否正确
配置文件没问题，确保系统的 80 端口没被其他程序占用，启动nginx
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confps命令查看一下启动结果
2.安装PHP
安装php之前，先安装以下依赖包：
# yum -y install libmcrypt-devel mhash-devel libxslt-devel \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel \
ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel \
krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel接着安装
# tar -zxvf php-5.5.30.tar.gz
# cd php-5.5.30
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/iconv --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --enable-zip --with-zlib --with-gd --enable-pcntl --disable-debug --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --disable-ipv6 --enable-static --enable-maintainer-zts --enable-sockets --enable-soap --with-openssl --enable-fpm
# make & make install没有报错的话，就说明安装成功了。再接下来复制php.ini，php-fpm.conf到/etc/下并修改之：
cp /data/src/php-5.5.30/php.ini-development /etc/php.ini
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.confphp.ini
date.timezone = "Asia/Shanghai"php-fpm.conf
[global]
pid = /var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = log/php-fpm.log
[www]
user = www
group = www
pm.max_children = 256
pm.start_servers = 256
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 256OK，配置完成，启动php-fpm
#/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /etc/php.ini -y /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.confps命令查看一下启动结果
至此，nginx和php都安装成功了，在/data/www/分别建立index.html，index.php，看是否能正常访问。
3.安装mariaDB（主从同步）
3.1建立mysql用户
# groupadd -r mysql
# useradd -g mysql -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql //这个mysql用户不能登录3.2安装主库，端口设置为3306
# tar -zxvf mariadb-5.5.46.tar.gz
# cd mariadb-5.5.46
# cmake . -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql1.sock -DSYSCONFDIR=/usr/local/db1 -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/db1 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/home/data/db1 -DWITH_XTRADB_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FEDERATEDX_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STPRAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWIYH_READLINE=1 -DWIYH_SSL=system -DVITH_ZLIB=system -DWITH_LOBWRAP=0 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
# make -j 4
# make install
复制配置文件
# cp /usr/local/db1/support-files/my-large.cnf /usr/local/db1/my.cnf初始化数据库
# /usr/local/db1/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/db1 --datadir=/home/data/db1 --user=mysql --defaults-file=/usr/local/db1/my.cnf复制服务启动脚本
# cp /usr/local/db1/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql1编辑启动脚本mysql1（路径：/etc/init.d/mysql1）
找到
$bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
行，改为
$bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/db1/my.cnf --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
即添加了 --defaults-file=/usr/local/db1/my.cnf赋予执行权限
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql1
# chkconfig mysql1 on修改配置文件my.cnf（路径：/usr/local/db1/my.cnf）
[mysqld]
log-error = /var/log/mysql_error.log
pid-file =/usr/local/db1/mysql1.pid
user=mysql
datadir = /home/data/db1
basedir = /usr/local/db1
[mysqld_safe]
log-error= /var/log/mysql_error.log
pid-file=/usr/local/db1/mysql1.pid更改目录权限
# chown -R mysql:mysql /home/data/db1
# chown -R mysql:mysql /home/data/db1/.
# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/db1
# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/db1/.启动MariaDB:
# /etc/init.d/mysql1 start设置root的密码
# /usr/local/db1/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'root'3.3安装备库，端口设置为3307
重复3.2的步骤，把db1替换成db2，mysql1替换成mysql2，3306替换成3307，
至此，主备库都安装好了，并且成功启动。ps命令查看结果如下：
3.4设置主备同步
建立文件目录，用于主备同步二进制文件存放，并设置权限
# mkdir -p /home/data/binlogs/
# chown -R mysql:mysql /home/data/binlogs/修改主库配置文件my.cnf（路径：/usr/local/db1/my.cnf）
[mysqld]
log-bin=/home/data/binlogs/master-bin #设置用于存放二进制文件的路径以及文件名（master-bin.000001）
server-id = 1 #主备库的id不能相同修改备库配置文件my.cnf（路径：/usr/local/db2/my.cnf）
[mysqld]
#log-bin=mysql-bin #注释掉这一行
server-id = 2 #主备库的id不能相同重启主库，备库
# /etc/init.d/mysql1 restart
# /etc/init.d/mysql2 restart进入主库，建立backup用户（指定IP地址，用户名，密码，分配权限），并查看master状态。
# /usr/local/db1/bin/mysql -uroot -proot
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER 'backup'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY 'root';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT RELOAD,LOCK TABLES, REPLICATION CLIENT ,REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'backup'@'127.0.0.1';
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| master-bin.000002 | 245 | | |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)进入备库，进行设置。
# /usr/local/db2/bin/mysql -uroot -proot
MariaDB [(none)]> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='127.0.0.1',MASTER_USER='backup',MASTER_PASSWORD='root',MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000002',MASTER_LOG_POS=245;
MariaDB [(none)]> START SLAVE;
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 127.0.0.1
Master_User: backup
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 245
Relay_Log_File: mysql2-relay-bin.000005
Relay_Log_Pos: 530
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 245
Relay_Log_Space: 1110
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)说明：
MASTER_HOST，指的是主库用于同步的IP地址，因为本演示主库备都在同一台机子，所以是127.0.0.1。这个IP地址要和主库所指的IP地一致'backup'@'127.0.0.1'
MASTER_USER，指的是主库用于同步的用户名，就是主库所设置的backup
MASTER_PASSWORD，指的是主库用于同步的密码，root
MASTER_PORT，指的是主库用于同步的端口，3306
MASTER_LOG_FILE，指的是主库用于同步的二进制文件名称，通过主库SHOW MASTER命令得到，FILE字段值
MASTER_LOG_POS，指的是主库用于同步的二进制文件的偏移量，通过主库SHOW MASTER命令得到，Position字段值
Slave_IO_Running: Yes，Slave 的 I/O 状态
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes，SQL 线程状态
只有当Slave 的 I/O状态和SQL 线程状态，都为YES时，才说明主备同步成功了。如果失败了，就查看Last_SQL_Error的提示信号，再具体问题具体分析，解决了。
另外：
MariaDB [mysql]>use mysql; //选择系统数据库MySQL
MariaDB [mysql]>select Host,User,Password from user; //查看所有用户
MariaDB [mysql]>delete from user where password=""; //删除所有密码为空的用户
MariaDB [mysql]>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY 'root'; //为root添加远程连接的能力
MariaDB [mysql]>flush privileges; //刷新MySQL的系统权限
MariaDB [mysql]>exit;设置防火墙，以便局域网内的其它服务器可以访问（路径：/etc/sysconfig/iptables），添加以下内容：
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3307 -j ACCEPT重启防火墙
# /etc/init.d/iptables restart
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