使用DOM对XML文档进行创建和解析

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使用DOM来创建和解析XML文档，参考网站：www.51cto.com

我们以以下的xml文档为例：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<employees>
	<employee>
		<name>Voishion</name>
		<sex>M</sex>
		<age>23</age>
	</employee>
</employees>

首先定义一个行为规范的接口：

package com.pb.viewer.xml;
/**
 * 定义XML文件的建立与解析
 * @author Voishion
 * @version 2012.12.28
 */
public interface XMLDocument {
	
	/**
	 * 建立XML文档
	 * @param fileName
	 */
	public void createXML(String fileName);
	
	/**
	 * 解析XML文档
	 * @param fileName
	 */
	public void parserXML(String fileName);

}

下面是接口的实现，需要注意的是我们一般创建的xml文件都在项目的src文件目录下：

package com.pb.viewer.xml;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

/**
 * DOM生成与解析XML文档实现 
 * @author Voishion
 * @date 2012.12.28
 */
public class XMLDocumentImpl implements XMLDocument{
	
	private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(XMLDocumentImpl.class);
	
	private DocumentBuilder builder;
    private Document document;
	
    public XMLDocumentImpl(){		
		try {
			DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
			this.builder = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
			this.document = this.builder.newDocument();
		} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
			log.error(e.getMessage());
		}
	}
	
    /**
     * 解析指定文件名的XML文件
     */
	@Override
	public void parserXML(String fileName) {
		try {
			Document document = this.builder.parse(Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(fileName));
			NodeList employess = document.getChildNodes();
			for(int i = 0; i < employess.getLength(); i++){
				Node employee = employess.item(i);
				NodeList employeeInfo = employee.getChildNodes();
				for(int j = 0; j < employeeInfo.getLength(); j++){
					Node node = employeeInfo.item(j);
					NodeList employeeMeta = node.getChildNodes();
					for(int k = 0; k < employeeMeta.getLength(); k++){
						System.out.println(employeeMeta.item(k).getNodeName()+":"+employeeMeta.item(k).getTextContent());
					}
				}
			}
			log.fatal("解析"+fileName+"完毕！");
		} catch (SAXException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}
	
	/**
     * 创建指定文件名的XML文件
     */
	@Override
	public void createXML(String fileName) {
		Element root = this.document.createElement("employees");
		this.document.appendChild(root);
		//employee Tag
		Element employee = this.document.createElement("employee");
		//name Tag
		Element name = this.document.createElement("name");
		name.appendChild(this.document.createTextNode("Voishion"));
		employee.appendChild(name);
		//sex Tag
		Element sex = this.document.createElement("sex");
		sex.appendChild(this.document.createTextNode("M"));
		employee.appendChild(sex);
		//age Tag
		Element age = this.document.createElement("age");
		age.appendChild(this.document.createTextNode("23"));
		employee.appendChild(age);

		//employee Tag Add root Tag
		root.appendChild(employee);

		TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		try{
			Transformer transformer = tf.newTransformer();
			DOMSource source = new DOMSource(document);
			transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");
			transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
			
			File file = new File(new File(".\\src").getCanonicalPath()+"\\"+fileName);
			FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
			PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(fos);
			StreamResult result = new StreamResult(pw);
			
			transformer.transform(source, result);
			log.fatal(fileName + "生成XML文件成功！");
		}catch (Exception e) {
			log.error(e.getMessage());
		}
	}
}

下面是测试类，需要注意的是当创建xml文件完成以后要对整个项目都刷新一次，才能看见创建到的xml文件：

package com.pb.viewer.xml;

public class XMLTest {
	
	XMLDocument document;

	public void createDOMXML(){
		document = new XMLDocumentImpl();
		document.createXML("employee.xml");
	}
	
	public void parserDOMXML(){
		document = new XMLDocumentImpl();
		document.parserXML("employee.xml");		
	}
	
	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		XMLTest test = new XMLTest();
		test.createDOMXML();
//        test.parserDOMXML();
	}
}

至此基于DOM的xml文件的创建与解析已全部完成，欢迎提出升级意见，TKS

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/lilu/blog/99083