返回:贺老师课程教学链接
(1)
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Data
{
public:
Data(int i):x(i)
{
cout<<"A";
}
~Data()
{
cout<<"B";
}
private:
int x;
};
class Base
{
public:
Base(int i):b1(i)
{
cout<<"C";
}
~Base()
{
cout<<"D";
}
private:
int b1;
};
class Derived:public Base
{
public:
Derived (int i,int j):Base(i),d1(j)
{
cout<<"E";
}
~Derived()
{
cout<<"F";
}
private:
Data d1;
};
int main()
{
Derived obj(1,2);
return 0;
}
(2)
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class G
{
public:
static int m;
G( ) //构造函数
{
m++;
cout<<"G begins\n";
}
~G( )
{
cout<<"G ends\n";
m--;
}
};
int G::m=0;
class D:public G
{
public:
D( ) //构造函数
{
m++;
cout<<"D begins\n";
}
~D( )
{
cout<<"D ends\n" ;
m-- ;
}
};
int main( )
{
D objg;
cout<<G::m<<endl;
return 0;
}
(3)
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
private:
int x;
protected:
int y;
public:
int z;
A(int a,int b,int c)
{
x=a;
y=b;
z=c;
}
int Getx()
{
return x;
}
int Gety()
{
return y;
}
void ShowA()
{
cout<< "x="<<x<<'\t';
cout<<"y="<<y<<'\t';
cout<<"z="<<z<<'\n';
}
};
class B:public A //修改点(见后面阅读要求)
{
private:
int m,n;
public:
B(int a,int b,int c,int d,int e):A(a,b,c)
{
m=d;
n=e;
}
void Show()
{
cout<<"m="<<m<<'\t'<<"n="<<n<<'\n';
cout<<"x="<<Getx()<<'\t';
cout<<"y="<<y<<'\t'<<"z="<<z<<'\n';
}
int Sum()
{
return (Getx()+y+z+m+n);
}
};
int main()
{
B b1(1,2,3,4,5);
b1.ShowA();
b1.Show();
cout<< "Sum="<<b1.Sum()<<'\n';
cout<<"x="<<b1.Getx()<<'\t';
cout << "y=" <<b1.Gety()<<'\t';
cout << "z="<<b1.z<<'\n';
return 0;
}
先阅读程序,写出你预想的运行结果,再记录运行结果,如果两者有差异,再读程序给出解释。
观察基类A中成员的访问权限制以及派生类B中对这些成员的访问方法。
请将class B:public A 中的public改为protected或者删除,对程序进行编译,解释出现的情况。
(4)
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Part //部件类
{
public:
Part();
Part(int i);
~Part();
private:
int val;
};
Part::Part()
{
val=0;
cout<<"调用Part的默认构造函数:"<<val<<endl;
}
Part::Part(int i)
{
val=i;
cout<<"调用Part的构造函数: "<<val<<endl;
}
Part::~Part()
{
cout<<"调用Part的析构函数: "<<val<<endl;
}
class Whole: public Part
{
public:
Whole();
Whole(int,int,int,int);
~Whole();
private:
Part one;
Part two;
int data;
};
Whole::Whole()
{
data=0;
cout<<"调用whole的默认构造函数: "<<data<<endl;
}
Whole::Whole(int p, int i,int j,int k):Part(p),one(j),two(i),data(k) //问题2
{
cout<<"调用whole的构造函数: "<<data<<endl;
}
Whole::~Whole()
{
cout<<"调用whole的析构函数: "<<data<<endl;
}
void f()
{
Whole w1;
Whole w2(1,2,3,4);
}
int main()
{
f();
return 0;
}
先分析程序的执行结果,在上机时运行程序进行对照,再通过单步执行跟踪程序的运行,达到理解基类、派生类中构造函数、析构函数执行过程的目的。
将Whole类的构造函数(见注释//问题2)改为下面形式,请解释出现的警告信息。
Whole::Whole(int p, int i,int j,int k): Part(p),two(i),one(j),data(k) //问题2
自选阅读:若还想通过运行程序的方式掌握继承机制的运行过程,阅读并运行下面的程序
(1)
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
public:
A()
{
cout<<"A";
}
~A()
{
cout<<"~A";
}
};
class B :public A
{
A *p;
public:
B()
{
cout<<"B";
p=new A();
}
~B()
{
cout<<"~B";
delete p;
}
};
int main()
{
B obj;
return 0;
}
(2)
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
protected:
int x;
public:
A(int x)
{
A::x=x;
cout<<"class A"<<endl;
}
};
class B
{
private:
A a1;
public:
B(int x):a1(x)
{
cout<<"class B"<<endl;
}
};
class C:public B
{
private:
A a2;
public:
C(int x):B(x),a2(x)
{
cout<<"class C"<<endl;
}
};
class D:public C
{
public:
D(int x):C(x)
{
cout<<"class D"<<endl;
}
};
int main()
{
D dobj(10);
return 0;
}
(3)
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class my_base
{
int a,b;
public:
my_base(int x,int y)
{
a=x;
b=y;
}
virtual void show()
{
cout<<"base";
cout<<a<<" "<<b<<endl;
}
};
class my_class: public my_base
{
int c;
public:
my_class(int x,int y,int z):my_base(x,y)
{
c=z;
}
void show()
{
cout<<"my_class "<<"c="<<c;
}
};
int main()
{
my_base mb(50,50),*mp;
my_class mc(10,20,30);
mp=&mb;
mp->show();
mp=&mc;
mp->show();
return 0;
}
【阅读- 长颈鹿类对动物类的继承】理解基类中成员的访问限定符和派生类的继承方式
请在下面的程序中要求的位置写下注释,声明相应的语句在语法上是否正确,为什么。在第一个程序中给出了示例,其他位置请仿照完成。在上机时,可以编译程序加以验证,阅读错误给出的英文提示,并加以理解。
(1)public继承方式下
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Animal //动物类
{
public:
Animal() {}
void eat(){
cout << "eat\n";
}
protected:
void play()
{
cout << "play\n";
}
private:
void drink()
{
cout << "drink\n";
}
};
class Giraffe: public Animal //长颈鹿类
{
public:
Giraffe() {}
void StrechNeck()
{
cout << "Strech neck \n";
}
private:
void take()
{
eat(); // 正确,公有继承下,基类的公有成员对派生类可见
drink(); // _______________
play(); // _______________
}
};
int main()
{
Giraffe gir; //定义派生类的对象
gir.eat(); // 正确,公有继承下,基类的公有成员对派生类对象可见
gir.play(); // _______________
gir.drink(); // _______________
gir.take(); // _______________
gir.StrechNeck(); // _______________
Animal ani;
ani.eat(); // _______________
ani.play(); // _______________
ani.drink(); // _______________
ani.take(); //错误,派生类的成员对基类对象(不论访问属性)不可见
ani.StrechNeck(); // _______________
return 0;
}
(2)private继承方式下
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Animal
{
public:
Animal() {}
void eat()
{
cout << "eat\n";
}
protected:
void play()
{
cout << "play\n";
}
private:
void drink()
{
cout << "drink\n";
}
};
class Giraffe: private Animal
{
public:
Giraffe() {}
void StrechNeck()
{
cout << "Strech neck \n";
}
void take()
{
eat(); // _______________
drink(); // _______________
play(); // _______________
}
};
int main()
{
Giraffe gir;
gir.eat(); // _______________
gir.play(); // _______________
gir.drink(); // _______________
return 0;
}
(3)protected继承方式下
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Animal
{
public:
Animal() {}
void eat()
{
cout << "eat\n";
}
protected:
void play()
{
cout << "play\n";
}
private:
void drink()
{
cout << "drink\n";
}
};
class Giraffe: protected Animal
{
public:
Giraffe() {}
void StrechNeck()
{
cout << "Strech neck \n";
}
void take()
{
eat(); // _______________
drink(); // _______________
play(); // _______________
}
};
int main()
{
Giraffe gir;
gir.eat(); // _______________
gir.play(); // _______________
gir.drink(); // _______________
return 0;
}