Spring中bean的范围

Spring中有5种bean的范围：

5 types of bean scopes supported :

1. singleton – Return a single bean instance per Spring IoC container 这个范围也是默认的
2. prototype – Return a new bean instance each time when requested
3. request – Return a single bean instance per HTTP request. *
4. session – Return a single bean instance per HTTP session. *
5. globalSession – Return a single bean instance per global HTTP session. *

P.S * means only valid in the context of a web-aware Spring ApplicationContext

我们看个关于singleton and prototype.的例子：

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public  class  CustomerService {      String message;         public  String getMessage() {          return  message;      }         public  void  setMessage(String message) {          this .message = message;      } }

1. Singleton example

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<beans xmlns= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xsi:schemaLocation="http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans      http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">            <bean id= "customerService"              class = "com.mkyong.customer.services.CustomerService"  />    </beans>

　　运行：

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public  class  App {      public  static  void  main( String[] args )      {          ApplicationContext context =           new  ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( new  String[] { "Spring-Customer.xml" });             CustomerService custA = (CustomerService)context.getBean( "customerService" );          custA.setMessage( "Message by custA" );          System.out.println( "Message : "  + custA.getMessage());             //retrieve it again          CustomerService custB = (CustomerService)context.getBean( "customerService" );          System.out.println( "Message : "  + custB.getMessage());      } }

　　输出为：

Message : Message by custA
Message : Message by custA

2. Prototype example

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< beans  xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">        < bean  id="customerService" class="com.mkyong.customer.services.CustomerService"           scope="prototype"/>    </ beans >

　　运行输出为：

Message : Message by custA
Message : null


也可以使用注解来做这些事情：

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package  com.mkyong.customer.services;    import  org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope; import  org.springframework.stereotype.Service;    @Service @Scope ( "prototype" ) public  class  CustomerService {      String message;         public  String getMessage() {          return  message;      }         public  void  setMessage(String message) {          this .message = message;      } }

　　

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<beans xmlns= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xsi:schemaLocation="http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans      http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd      http: //www.springframework.org/schema/context      http: //www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">            <context:component-scan base- package = "com.mkyong.customer"  />    </beans>