漂亮的输出-----prettytable和colorama的使用

Python通过prettytable模块将输出内容如表格方式整齐输出，python本身并不内置，需要独立安装该第三方库。

1 pip install PrettyTable

1 #源码安装
2 wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/P/PrettyTable/prettytable-0.7.2.tar.gz
3 tar -zxvf prettytable-0.7.2.tar.gz
4 python setup.py build
5 python setup.py install

import prettytable as pt ## 按行添加数据 tb = pt.PrettyTable() tb.field_names = ["City name", "Area", "Population", "Annual Rainfall"] tb.add_row(["Adelaide",1295, 1158259, 600.5]) tb.add_row(["Brisbane",5905, 1857594, 1146.4]) tb.add_row(["Darwin", 112, 120900, 1714.7]) tb.add_row(["Hobart", 1357, 205556,619.5]) print(tb)

+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+
| City name | Area | Population | Annual Rainfall |
+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+
|  Adelaide | 1295 |  1158259   |      600.5 | | Brisbane | 5905 | 1857594 | 1146.4 | | Darwin | 112 | 120900 | 1714.7 | | Hobart | 1357 | 205556 | 619.5 | +-----------+------+------------+-----------------+

## 按列添加数据
tb.add_column('index',[1,2,3,4]) print(tb)

+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+-------+
| City name | Area | Population | Annual Rainfall | index |
+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+-------+
|  Adelaide | 1295 |  1158259   |      600.5 | 1 | | Brisbane | 5905 | 1857594 | 1146.4 | 2 | | Darwin | 112 | 120900 | 1714.7 | 3 | | Hobart | 1357 | 205556 | 619.5 | 4 | +-----------+------+------------+-----------------+-------+

## 使用不同的输出风格
tb.set_style(pt.MSWORD_FRIENDLY)
print('--- style：MSWORD_FRIENDLY -----') print(tb) tb.set_style(pt.PLAIN_COLUMNS) print('--- style：PLAIN_COLUMNS -----') print(tb) ## 随机风格，每次不同 tb.set_style(pt.RANDOM) print('--- style：MSWORD_FRIENDLY -----') print(tb) tb.set_style(pt.DEFAULT) print('--- style：DEFAULT -----') print(tb)

--- style：MSWORD_FRIENDLY -----
| City name | Area | Population | Annual Rainfall |
|  Adelaide | 1295 |  1158259   |      600.5      |
|  Brisbane | 5905 | 1857594 | 1146.4 | | Darwin | 112 | 120900 | 1714.7 | | Hobart | 1357 | 205556 | 619.5 | --- style：PLAIN_COLUMNS ----- City name Area Population Annual Rainfall Adelaide 1295 1158259 600.5 Brisbane 5905 1857594 1146.4 Darwin 112 120900 1714.7 Hobart 1357 205556 619.5 --- style：MSWORD_FRIENDLY ----- @ Adelaide 1295 1158259 600.5 @ @ Brisbane 5905 1857594 1146.4@ @ Darwin 112 120900 1714.7@ @ Hobart 1357 205556 619.5 @ --- style：DEFAULT ----- +-----------+------+------------+-----------------+ | City name | Area | Population | Annual Rainfall | +-----------+------+------------+-----------------+ | Adelaide | 1295 | 1158259 | 600.5 | | Brisbane | 5905 | 1857594 | 1146.4 | | Darwin | 112 | 120900 | 1714.7 | | Hobart | 1357 | 205556 | 619.5 | +-----------+------+------------+-----------------+

## 不打印，获取表格字符串
s = tb.get_string()
print(s) ## 可以只获取指定列或行 s = tb.get_string(fields=["City name", "Population"],start=1,end=4) print(s)

+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+
| City name | Area | Population | Annual Rainfall |
+-----------+------+------------+-----------------+
|  Adelaide | 1295 |  1158259   |      600.5 | | Brisbane | 5905 | 1857594 | 1146.4 | | Darwin | 112 | 120900 | 1714.7 | | Hobart | 1357 | 205556 | 619.5 | +-----------+------+------------+-----------------+ +-----------+------------+ | City name | Population | +-----------+------------+ | Brisbane | 1857594 | | Darwin | 120900 | | Hobart | 205556 | +-----------+------------+

## 自定义表格输出样式
### 设定左对齐 tb.align = 'l' ### 设定数字输出格式 tb.float_format = "2.2" ### 设定边框连接符为'*" tb.junction_char = "*" ### 设定排序方式 tb.sortby = "City name" ### 设定左侧不填充空白字符 tb.left_padding_width = 0 print(tb)

*----------*-----*-----------*----------------*
|City name |Area |Population |Annual Rainfall |
*----------*-----*-----------*----------------*
|Adelaide  |1295 |1158259    |600.50          |
|Brisbane  |5905 |1857594    |1146.40         |
|Darwin    |112  |120900     |1714.70         |
|Hobart    |1357 |205556     |619.50          |
*----------*-----*-----------*----------------*

## 不显示边框
tb.border = 0 print(tb) ## 修改边框分隔符 tb.set_style(pt.DEFAULT) tb.horizontal_char = '+' print(tb)

City name Area Population Annual Rainfall 
Adelaide  1295 1158259    600.50          
Brisbane  5905 1857594    1146.40         
Darwin    112  120900     1714.70         
Hobart    1357 205556     619.50          
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
| City name | Area | Population | Annual Rainfall |
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
| Adelaide  | 1295 | 1158259    | 600.50          |
| Brisbane  | 5905 | 1857594    | 1146.40         |
| Darwin    | 112  | 120900     | 1714.70         |
| Hobart    | 1357 | 205556     | 619.50          |
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

## prettytable也支持输出HTML代码
s = tb.get_html_string()
print(s)

colorama是一个python专门用来在控制台、命令行输出彩色文字的模块，可以跨平台使用。

1. 安装colorama模块

1	pip install colorama

　　

可用格式常数:

1 2 3

Fore: BLACK, RED, GREEN, YELLOW, BLUE, MAGENTA, CYAN, WHITE, RESET. Back: BLACK, RED, GREEN, YELLOW, BLUE, MAGENTA, CYAN, WHITE, RESET. Style: DIM, NORMAL, BRIGHT, RESET_ALL

colorama是一个python专门用来在控制台、命令行输出彩色文字的模块，可以跨平台使用，在windows下linux下都工作良好，如果你想让控制台的输出信息更漂亮一些，可以使用给这个模块。 
colorama官方地址：https://pypi.python.org/pypi/colorama

安装colorama模块

pip install colorama

使用范例

from colorama import init,Fore init(autoreset=True) #通过使用autoreset参数可以让变色效果只对当前输出起作用，输出完成后颜色恢复默认设置 print(Fore.RED + 'welcome to www.jb51.net') print('automatically back to default color again')

这段代码可以将 welcome to www.jb51.net 字符串以红色输出到控制台

创建一个专门用于更改颜色的类Colored并且添加相应方法：

from colorama import init, Fore, Back, Style

init(autoreset=False)
class Colored(object): # 前景色:红色 背景色:默认 def red(self, s): return Fore.LIGHTRED_EX + s + Fore.RESET # 前景色:绿色 背景色:默认 def green(self, s): return Fore.LIGHTGREEN_EX + s + Fore.RESET def yellow(self, s): return Fore.LIGHTYELLOW_EX + s + Fore.RESET def white(self,s): return Fore.LIGHTWHITE_EX + s + Fore.RESET def blue(self,s): return Fore.LIGHTBLUE_EX + s + Fore.RESET

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现在我们使用这个类： 
修改resolveData（）函数的部分代码：

def resolveData():
    #查询链接
    url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryO?leftTicketDTO.train_date=2018-01-31&leftTicketDTO.from_station=XAY&leftTicketDTO.to_station=GZG&purpose_codes=ADULT'    #获取数据
    while 1: try: data = getData(url) lists = json.loads(data)["data"]["result"] break except: continue cont = [] name = [ "station_train_code", "from_station_name", 'start_time', "lishi", "swz_num", "zy_num", "ze_num", "gr_num", "rw_num", "dw_num", "yw_num", "rz_num", "yz_num", "wz_num", "qt_num", "note_num" ] color = Colored()#创建Colored对象 for items in lists:#遍历result的每一项 #data字典用于存放每一车次的余票信息 data = { "station_train_code": '', "from_station_name": '', "to_station_name": '', 'start_time': '', 'end': '', "lishi": '', "swz_num": '', "zy_num": '', "ze_num": '', "dw_num": '', "gr_num": '', "rw_num": '', "yw_num": '', "rz_num": '', "yz_num": '', "wz_num": '', "qt_num": '', "note_num": '' } item = items.split('|')#用"|"进行分割 data['station_train_code'] = item[3]#车次在3号位置 data['from_station_name'] = item[6]#始发站信息在6号位置 data['to_station_name'] = item[7]#终点站信息在7号位置 data['start_time'] = item[8]#出发时间信息在8号位置 data['arrive_time'] = item[9]#抵达时间在9号位置 data['lishi'] = item[10]#经历时间在10号位置 data['swz_num'] = item[32] or item[25]# 特别注意：商务座在32或25位置 data['zy_num'] = item[31]#一等座信息在31号位置 data['ze_num'] = item[30]#二等座信息在30号位置 data['gr_num'] = item[21]#高级软卧信息在31号位置 data['rw_num'] = item[23]#软卧信息在23号位置 data['dw_num'] = item[27]#动卧信息在27号位置 data['yw_num'] = item[28]#硬卧信息在28号位置 data['rz_num'] = item[24]#软座信息在24号位置 data['yz_num'] = item[29]#硬座信息在29号位置 data['wz_num'] = item[26]#无座信息在26号位置 data['qt_num'] = item[22]#其他信息在22号位置 if item[0] == 'null': data['note_num'] = item[1] else: data['note_num'] = color.white(item[1])#加高亮白色 #如果没有信息则用“-”代替 for pos in name: if data[pos] == '': data[pos] = '-' cont.append(data) tickets = []#存放所有车次的余票信息 #格式化添加进tickets中 for x in cont: tmp = [] for y in name: if y == "from_station_name": s = color.green(stations2CN[x[y]]) + '\n' + color.red(stations2CN[x["to_station_name"]])#始发站绿色，终点站红色 tmp.append(s) elif y == "start_time": s = color.green(x[y]) + '\n' + color.red(x["arrive_time"]) tmp.append(s) elif y == "station_train_code": s = color.yellow(x[y]) tmp.append(s) else: tmp.append(x[y]) tickets.append(tmp) return tickets#返回所有车次余票信息

测试结果： 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/klb561/p/9376038.html